week 6 anatomy and physiology

Question 1

what are the functions of the skeletal system

Answer 1

1) assist in movement
2) stores minerals for mineral homeostasis
3) protects underlying tissue
4) structural support for soft tissue and muscle attachment
5) storage of energy (triglycerides)
6) blood cell production

Question 2

what are the axial bones

Answer 2

skull, vertebrae, sternum, ribs

Question 3

what are the appendicular bones

Answer 3

pectorial & pelvic girdles, limbs

Question 4

what are the functions of processes (bone markings)

Answer 4

projections that form a part of the joint or provide attachment for ligament t and tendons

Question 5

what are the functions of depressions (bone markings)

Answer 5

allow passage ways for blood vessels, nerves, ligaments and tendons

Question 6

what are the functions of spongy and compact bones

Answer 6

spongy: resist different movement
compact: resist compression forces

together= provide support, strength, protection and is lightweight

Question 7

what is an osteocyte

Answer 7

it is a mature osteoblast that can maintain the bone matrix and maintain mineral content

Question 8

what is an osteroblast

Answer 8

build organic and inorganic bone when surrounded by the matrix

Question 9

what is an osteoclast

Answer 9

secrete acid and enzymes to break down/ resorb bone

Question 10

what is an osteoprogentior cell

Answer 10

produces the osteoblasts

Question 11

name the types of bone and their functions

Answer 11

flat bones: protect vital organs
long bones: act as lever
sesamoid bone: protect bone by overcoming compression forces
short bone: stability and support
irregular bone: provide attachment sites

Question 12

what are bone made out of

Answer 12

55% mineralised salts (inorganic)- to harden the bone
30% collagen (organic)- flexibility
15% water