Week 6 Flashcards
what kind of vision loss does macular degeneration present with?
central vision loss, can see drusen. bilateral
anterior spinal cord syndrome signs
loss pain and temperature, motor weakness, but preserved propioception
if a patient has two different types of headaches what should you do
get an MRI
what is a big cause of hypercalcemia
sarcoid!!
what do patients typically have with lupus!
antiphospholipid syndrome and causes strokes!
what is the genetic mutation in Rett syndrome
MECP2
what is a real-time quaking induced conversion test for
CJD
describe what a cerebral venous sinus occlusion looks lie
this is similar to IIH but with focal neurological findings too
if the pupillary response is NOT preserved in a cranial nerve III palsy, what is going on
likely an aneurysm so patients need a CT angio
what is autonomic dysreflexia
this is when a patient has a complete spinal cord injury and they have overdrive of sympathetic activity below the lesion. a noxious response (like overdistended bladder) can cause overdrive of sympathetic activity which causes them to have super high blood pressure
describe multiple system atrophy
this is when the patient exhibits parkinsons like symptoms but also has early autonomic failure, early postural instability, and cerebellar findings
which way does the arm go in pronator drift for cerebellar dysfunction
it goes up!
which way does the arm go in lower motor neuron dysfunction
it goes down
what can topical glucocorticoids cause (eye)
they can cause both cataracts and glaucoma
what exam looks at intraocular pressure
tonometry
how do you diagnose open angle glaucoma
tonometry
what are signs of glaucoma
peripheral vision loss, headaches, impaired adaption to darkness
what does retinal vein occlusion look like on fundoscopy
cotton wool spots, papilledema, venous dilation and torsions
how do you diagnose a retinal vein occlusion
you do retinal vein angiography
how do you diagnose retinal artery occlusion
mostly a clinical diagnosis but you can check carotid doppler and do cerebral angio
what is mononeuritis multiplex
this is when you have multiple noncontiguous neuropathies that are not connected to one nerve
what is usually the cause of mononeuritis multiplex
a vasculitis is the normal cause
time course of stroke depending on etiology
thrombotic: fluctuating
embolic: immediate decline and then levels off
hemorrhagic: progressive decline
how does meningovascular syphilis present
typically subacute meningeal symptoms for like 2 weeks and then stroke signs follow (typically in the middle cerebral artery)
what does subacute combined combined degeneration do for spasticity
you are typically spastic due to demyelination of the lcst and hyperreflexic
can CIDP have sensory neuropathy too
yes! rare, and more distal like the toes or fingers
if you have a lesion to the cerebellum where does the ataxia occur
ipsilateral to the lesion
