Deck 2 COPY COPY COPY Flashcards
signs of acute aortic dissection
back pain, hypertension, variation in bp of arms
how to dx aortic dissection
CT angio or TEE
complications post nissen
dysphagia, gas-bloat syndrome, gastropareisis
management of traumatic avulsion of a tooth
rinse socket with saline and reimplant and splint tooth
opioid induced constipation treatment
osmotic and stimulant laxatives
when can you refer for bariatric surgery
BMI >40, BMI >35 with comorbid conditions, >30 with T2DM resistant to treatment
signs of femoral artery aneurysm
pulsatile mass worse when walking, below inguinal canal in the groin,
breast cancer in males signs
nipple inversion, unilateral, firm, nontender
ascitic fluid amylase and protein levels and SAAG
low total protein, normal amylase, high SAAG
best way to dx peripheral arterial disease
ankle-brachial index
imaging findings of a splenic abscess
fluid collection and mass
light criteria exudative effusion (pleural)
protein pleural/serum >0.5 // LDH pleural/serum >0.6
treatment of hiradentitis suppurativa
prolonged antibiotic therapy
treatment of acute close angle glaucoma (drugs)
topical: timolol, pilocarpine, apraclonidine // systemic: acetazolamide
management of acute pancreatitis due to gallstones (no cholangitis)
lap chole post resolution (elective)
management of acute pancreatitis due to gallstones (with cholangitis)
urgent ERCP to remove stones
appearance of a renal cyst on CT
light no septations, simple wall, homogenous, absence of contrast on CT, asymptomatic
best way to measure pulmonary morbidity post lung resection
FEV1
presentation of SBO
typmpany on exam, distended abdomen, bilious emesis, hyperactive bowel sounds
which benzo cannot be used if the pt has poor liver function
chlordiazepoxide, diazepam
what is the criteria for foot imaging in ulcers
> 2cm, longstanding >1week, deep (exposed bone)
what runs behind the knee that can be affected during posterior knee dislocation
popliteal artery do ankle brachial index
management of pericardial effusion (malignant)
pericardiocentesis and pericardial window
what does the galactomannan assay test for
aspergillus
sunburst appearance on xray dx
osteosarc
where do GIST tumors come from (cells)
cells of cajal)
signs of ischemic bowel post AAA surgery
bloody diarrhea, fever, leukocytosis
rocking or clicking with movement after thoracic surgery
sternal dehiscence
treatment for sternal dehiscence
surgical exploration and fixation
why do you add bicarb to lidocaine
decrease pain with injection
blunt abdominal trauma with free air retroperitoneam organ damage
duodenum or ascending/descending colon
blunt abdominal truama with free fluid inretroperitoneam organ damage
pancreas or kidney
copper deficiency signs
brittle hair, neurologic dysfunction, skin depigmentation, osteoporosis
signs of gallstone ileus
dilated loops of bowel, hyperactive bowel sounds, air in the biliary tree
otalgia with a normal ear exam
likely is referred pain from a oropharygeal tumor
best test for dx gastric cancer
EGD
xray findings stress fracture
hairline lucency or periosteal thickening
management of stress fracture
rest and analgesia
what do you do after placing a central venous catheter
CXR to check for placement
eggshell calcifications cyst structure of liver
hyatid cyst from echinococcous infection from dogs
when not to do enteral feedings
NPO, pancreatitis, bowel obstruction
lateral vertical motion (abduction) difficulty injury
rotator cuff (SITS)
coffee bean sign on xray
cecal or sigmoid volvulus
signs of septal hematoma
soft fluctuant swelling
management of septal hematoma
incision and drainage
immediate management of an external hemorrhoid
hemorrhoidectomy
most common complications of lap appy
infection - intraabdominal abcess
why do you need to correct a varicocele
because it decreases fertility
thyroid hormone effect on SVR
decreases it because it has a dilatatory effect
steps for variceal bleeding
place 2 large bore IVs –> IV octreotide, fluids and ABX –>
age of women that get femoral hernia
older women
where are femoral hernias palpated
medial to the femoral artery and are nonpulsatile and tympanic
management of a zenker diverticulum
cricopharyngeal myotomy
where are thymomas in the mediastinum
they are in the anterior portion
where are bronchogenic cysts in the mediastinum
they are in the middle
changes in the kidney during metabolic alkalosis
increased H reabsorbtion, decreased Na excretion, decreased Cl excretion
avascular necrosis of the femur head Xray
no changes seen
penile pain, curvature and plaques
peyronie disease
empyema on xray
opaque, NOOOO air fluid level
signs of orbital compartment syndrome
periorbital swelling, hard eyelid, proptosis, limited EOM, diplopia, vision loss
management of orbital compartment syndrome
emergent orbital decompression
management of oral leukoplakia
biopsy and then smoking cessation +/- removal of lesion
what can happen long term with epiphysis fractures
limb length discrepancy
biggest risk factor for AAA
smoking > HTN/atherosclerosis or CAD
irregular exophytic growths on the vocal cords dx
papillomas from HPV
etiology of severe bradycardia and AV block after inserting laproatomy ports
peritoneal stretch receptors trigger vagal response
type of dressing to switch to after a wet-dry dressing
nonadherent moisture retaining dressing
what helps decrease patients risk of developing infection after burns
early debridement and grafting
causes of secondary varicocele
extrinsic compression panpiniform plexus supply by mass, venous thrombus
location of secondary varicocele
right sided
signs of GVHD
maculopapular rash, profuse watery diarrhea, liver inflammation
what is the hypermetobolic response to burns
increase in inflammatory markers causes increase in glucagon, epiniephrine (fever tachhy), increased basal metabolic rate
signs of gastric cancer
iron deficiency anemia, weight loss, abdominal pain, vomiting
what is acute colonic pseudo-obstruction
this is where you have electrolyte abnormalities or severe infection and your colon sort of shuts off and distends
causes of delayed emergence from anesthesia
preop drugs or long procedures, metabolic disorders, neurologic disorder
severe eccymosis and bleeding after gastric bypass etiology
vit c deficiency
do patients with mechanical valves need ABX prior to endocsopy
nope
signs of pyoderma gangrenosom
small papule or pustule –> rapidly progressive painful ulcer
who gets pyoderma gangrenosum
people with IBD, RA, malignancies
joint pop with Xray findings for low lying patella
quad tendon rupture
risk factors for dupuytren contracture
males >50yo, tobacco use, DM
what lab tests help evaluate CKD fractures
PTH
what is the dx for a patient with multiple renal infarcts
polyarteritis nodosa
risk factors for avascular necrosis of the femoral head
femoral head fracture, excessive alcohol use, glucocorticoid use, sickle cell, SLE
multiple bloody paracentesis dx
malignancy
new pulmonary infiltrates and increased secretions for a vent patient dx
ventilator acquired pneumonia
where does the patella dislocate to
dislocates lateral
characteristics of benign oral lesions
symmetrical (on both sides), normal overlying oral mucosa, lack of destruction of normal tissues
management of mandibular tori
reassurance
surveilance of medullary thyroid cancer labs
calcitonin
clinical signs of bladder cancer
hematuria, hydronephrosis, voiding sx
lab findings in refeeding syndrome
hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesia, hypokalemia
clinical signs of refeeding syndrome
muscle weakness, arrythmias, change in mental status, CHF
ABX for burn infection
piperacillin/carbapenam WITH vanc
do you do a colonoscopy on a pt with diverticulitis or active infection in colon
no bc it increases chances of perf
suprapubic tenderness/lower abdominal tenderness and delierium post surgery
acute urinary retention
cause of a hydrocele
persistent patent processus vaginalis
etiology of testicular torsion
twisting of the spermatic cord
