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Step 2 Big Time Study Deck > Deck 4 COPY > Flashcards

Deck 4 COPY Flashcards

1
Q

how does scarlet fever present

A

sandpaper rash, strawberry tongue, fever

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2
Q

presentation of serum-sickness like reaction

A

fever, rash, arthralgia, lymphadenopathy

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3
Q

causes of serum-sickness like reaciton

A

mostly drugs like penicillin, TMP-SMX, cephalosporins

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4
Q

if a patient has precocious puberty and advanced bone age what test should you order

A

MRI bc likely a central caues

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5
Q

prophylaxis for rheumatic fever (after you had it once)

A

penicillin every 4 weeks injection

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6
Q

when infection are infants with galactosemia at risk of

A

ecoli sepsis

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7
Q

if a testes is undescended what age do you have to do orchiopexy

A

> 6mo

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8
Q

what imaging do you do for a suspected volvulus in an UNSTABLE infant

A

abdominal xray

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9
Q

what is physiologic thelarche

A

this is normal physiolgic breast development in an adolescent

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10
Q

signs of endocarditis in a child

A

new onset murmur, leukocytosis, splenomegaly, arthralgias, fatigue, low grade fevers

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11
Q

at what age is eneuresis pathologic

A

> 5yrs

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12
Q

treatment for refractory ITP

A

Rhogam if Rh+, splenectomy

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13
Q

what is ADEM

A

acute disseminated encephalomyelitis –> where you have multiple white matter lesions like MS but they are more spread out

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14
Q

what kids get ADEM

A

post infection

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15
Q

rare complication of measles that occurs years later

A

SSPE

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16
Q

phases of measles

A

1) prodrome of fever (mild <102) and 4 C’s 2) exanthem phase cephalocaudal spread

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17
Q

dx of measles

A

serum IgM, CBC with evidence of fever

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18
Q

what antibiotics do you give for otitis media if theyve had amox in the past 30 days

A

still amox but add clavulanate (augmentin)

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19
Q

PEP for VZV exposed neonate

A

passive varicella immune globulin

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20
Q

what is pseudoappendicitis

A

this is a feature of campylobactor infection, not real appendicitis

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21
Q

what is the rash of a child with perianal well demarcated no satellite lesioned diaper rash

A

perianal strep

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22
Q

what is prune belly syndrome

A

this is when there is an irregularity in the abdominal wall musculature but there is skin overlying the intestines

23
Q

is gastroshesis associated with other defects or omphalocele

A

omphalocele!

24
Q

what nerve injury causes claw hand

A

C8/T1

25
Q

signs of hemophilia

A

large amounts of bleeding and bruising after falls

26
Q

varicella PEP in an immunocompetant non vacced child

A

vaccine

27
Q

beta thallessemia results of hemoglobin electrophoresis

A

no HbB all HbF no HbS

28
Q

treatment of beta thall

A

transfusions and chelation therapy to avoid excess iron

29
Q

when can you not get consent for a minor

A

for emergency procedurs that are life saving/disability saving

30
Q

osteogenesis signs

A

frequent fractures, hypermobility, transluscent teeth, short stature, blue sclera

31
Q

in a large VSD, what will it look like on xray

A

because of the excess blood in the right ventricle, there will excess blood that goes through pulm circulation that then goes extra into the LA and LV so you will see increased left heart markings on the xray

32
Q

tests for renal tubular acidosis

A

phosphorus levels to see if it is being reabsorbed, will be low if child has RTA/fanconi syndrome

33
Q

signs of rickets

A

widening of the wrist joints, bowing legs

34
Q

what two rashes can be on the hands and feet of babies

A

congenital syphilis or coxsackie

35
Q

how do differentiate between congenital syph and HFM

A

syph is not in the oral mucosa and no fever, HFM fever and in oral mucosa but both are on hands and feet

36
Q

signs of gaucher in an teenager

A

delayed puberty, hepatomegaly, small

37
Q

acute iron poisoning

A

anion gap metabolic acidosis, vomiting, diarrhea

38
Q

signs of beckwith wiedman syndrom

A

large tongue, macrosomnia, omphalocele, wilms tumor, hemihyperplasia (one limb bigger than the other)

39
Q

prader willi facial features

A

almond shaped eyes, downturned mouth, narrow forhead

40
Q

signs of prader willi general

A

macrosomnia, obesity, intellecutual disability, hypogondadism, hypotonia

41
Q

if you have a child with moderately high lead levels, what is the next step

A

confirm with venous lead (POC are usually just fingerstick)

42
Q

signs of pertussis in a neonate

A

harsh cough that causes cyanosis, emesis following harsh cough, low grade fever

43
Q

what does a tight anal sphincter indicate

A

hirschsprungs

44
Q

how do you manage non suicidal adolescent injury

A

directly inform parents and involve them in care, they do not need imeediate hospitalization

45
Q

most common risk factor sinusitis

A

previous URI

46
Q

causes of meningitis in a 1-2yo

A

strep pneumo, neisseria meningitditis

47
Q

pathophys of infant anemia

A

their RBCs degenerate faster AND they have decreased EPO because theyve had adquate O2

48
Q

management of CGD infection

A

a patient should undergo biopsy to test their bacteria so therapy can be targeted

49
Q

rash: hyperpigment/hypo, face and trunk, mildy pruritic

A

tinea versicolor

50
Q

what age do vision screenings take place

A

all well child visits

51
Q

exam findings of otitis media with effusion

A

normal TM but visible air fluid levels

52
Q

treatment of otitis media with effusion

A

observation and followup

53
Q

what respiratory disease of newborns shows air bronchograms on xray

A

NARDS

54
Q

Xray description of transient tachypnea of the newborn

A

patchy bilateral infiltrates with lung hyperinflation

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