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Step 2 Big Time Study Deck > Deck 7 COPY > Flashcards

Deck 7 COPY Flashcards

1
Q

signs of PKU in the neonate

A

musty body odor, eczema, lethargy, poor feeding, microcephly, hypopigmentation, seizures

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2
Q

how do you test for PKU

A

get an amino acid levels

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3
Q

signs of chronic suppurative otitis media

A

chronic >6wks of purulent otorrhea, hearing loss, NO PAIN, acquired cholesteotoma, TM perf

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4
Q

what bugs cause chronic suppurative otitis media

A

pseudomonas and staph aureus

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5
Q

appearance of external ear canal in chronic suppurative

A

normal after suction

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6
Q

pathogenesis of HUS kidney injury

A

renal vascular occlusion due to microthrombi

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7
Q

other causes of folate deficiency besides lack of diet intake

A

chronic hemolysis like from sickle cell

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8
Q

vaccine schedule for premature infants

A

same as full term! no need to wait

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9
Q

in a patient with thalessemia, what is their RBC # like

A

its elevated!!

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10
Q

mucosal involvement with staph scalded skin vs. toxic epidermal necrolysis

A

NO mucosal involvement in SSSS but expected in TEN

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11
Q

scrotal swelling, purpura, petichiae

A

HSP IgA vasculitis

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12
Q

RBC inclusions in sickle cell

A

howell jolly bodies

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13
Q

CKD effect on platelets

A

can cause platelet dysfunction and therefore easy bleeding

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14
Q

where are the calcifications for toxo vs. CMV

A

CMV is around the ventricles and toxo is intraparenchymal diffuse

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15
Q

next step in eval of a neonate with severe hypospadias

A

karyotype because there might be a disorder of sexual development

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16
Q

what causes fifth disease aka erythema infectiosum

A

parvo!

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17
Q

what is the nature of the arthritis in rheumatic fever

A

it is migratory

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18
Q

nature of arthritis in JIA

A

Usually symmetrical and not migratory

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19
Q

what causes bullous impetigo

A

staph a

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20
Q

what causes erylipseas

A

strep pyogenes

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21
Q

signs of hereditary spherocytosis (clinical)

A

hemolytic anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly

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22
Q

why does spherocytosis cause jaundice

A

the spherocytes get stuck in the spleen and lyse

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23
Q

reticulocyte level in hemolytic anemia

A

increased!

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24
Q

MCHC levels in hereditary spherocytosis

A

high!

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25
Q

signs of rickets

A

asymmetric bowing legs, open fontanelle, costochondral joint enlargement, enlarged wrist bones

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26
Q

associations with myelomeningocele

A

chiari II

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27
Q

bacterial bloody diarrheal causes

A

EHEC, nontyphoid salmonella, shigella, yersinia, campylobacter

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28
Q

protozoal causes of bloody diarrhea

A

entamoeba histolytica, prolonged diarrhea

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29
Q

reassuring lymph node signs

A

mobile, soft <2cm

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30
Q

concerning lymph node signs

A

nonmobile, firm, nontender >2cm

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31
Q

what drugs cause immune related hemolysis

A

cephalosporins and penicillins

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32
Q

pathogenesis of drug induced hemolytic anemia I

A

drug binds and acts as a hapten allowing IgG to bind which then gets vacummed in the spleen

33
Q

drugs that can cause a G6PD flair

A

antimalarials and sulfa drugs (TMP-SMX)

34
Q

treatment of intussusception

A

air or water enema

35
Q

heart defects as a result of G-DM

A

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

36
Q

what do you use to treat HOCM in a neonate of a DM mother

A

propanolol

37
Q

langerhans cell histiocytosis signs

A

lytic bone lesions (face especially), eczema/skin manefestations, lymphadenopathy, central diabetes insipidus

38
Q

causes of increased RDW

A

iron deficiency anemia, sideroblastic anemia, B12 deficiency etc

39
Q

two main types of ADHD

A

inattention or hyperactive/compulsive –> often a mixture of both

40
Q

description of vision loss with IIH

A

enlarged blind spots bilaterally

41
Q

what puts patients at risk of progression in their scoliosis

A

onset before menarche, female sex, age <12, severe curvature

42
Q

if a patient has prolonged bleeding after surgery, tooth extraction etc, what is the dx

A

hemophelia

43
Q

severity of hemophelia and trauma bleeding risk

A

the more severe disease you dont need any trauma to have bleeding

44
Q

treatment of bowlegs

A

observation and followup

45
Q

how do you dx transient synovitis

A

bilateral hip ultrasound

46
Q

what joint is affected in transient synovitis

A

the hips only

47
Q

history finding of transient synovitis

A

recent URI

48
Q

what is a vascular ring in the trachea

A

this is when a ring of vessels entangle the trachea and cause biphasic stridor

49
Q

how should you dx appendicitis in a child

A

ultrasound

50
Q

treatment of central precocious puberty

A

leuprolide

51
Q

treatment of abetalipoproteinemia

A

restriction of long chain amino acids,

52
Q

when do you do exchange therapy for hyperbilirubinemia

A

> 24

53
Q

treatment of croup

A

racemic epinephrine

54
Q

winters formula

A

1.5(HCO3) + 8 +/- 2 = CO2

55
Q

what does winters test for

A

if there is respiratory compensation in metabolic acidosis

56
Q

management of hip dysplasia

A

> 4mo xray <4mo ultrasound

57
Q

clinical signs of transpo of great vessels

A

immediate cyanosis, not corrected by O2, PROMINENT S2

58
Q

does transpo of great vessels have a murmur

A

no unless concaminant VSD

59
Q

when does hypoplastic left heard syndrome show up

A

typically two days post birth once PDA closes

60
Q

when does retinopathy of prematurity occur

A

at <30 wks of birth

61
Q

if an infant has an absent red light reflex, what is goin on

A

retinoblastoma! potentially also retinopathy of prematurity but this is only in premies

62
Q

where do you palpate tenderness in osgood shattler

A

tibial tuberosity

63
Q

is physiological gynecomastia uni or bilateral

A

either

64
Q

what is associated with membraneous nephropathy

A

hepB

65
Q

what are the B/T cell levels like in ataxia with telangectasia

A

both are low

66
Q

levels of Ig in ataxia telangectasia

A

low IgA but everything else is okay

67
Q

how do you tell difference between bacterial vs. viral sinusitis

A

viral has no sx and is resolved faster

68
Q

trt of viral sinusitis

A

reassurance

69
Q

temporal lobe hemorrhage in newborn

A

HSV infection

70
Q

what are pulses like in PDA

A

they can be bounding

71
Q

what defects do impairments to the endocardial cushion cause

A

they are associated with AV valces and ASD

72
Q

when is eosinophilic with granulomatosis dx

A

in adulthood

73
Q

if a patient has dark urine but minimal RBCs in the urine what test do you run

A

CBC! to check for hemoglobin levels

74
Q

signs of anaphylaxis

A

> 2 system involvement: skin, GI, respiratory, CV

75
Q

does congential andioedema have wheels present

A

nope just angioedema of the throat and abdominal pain

76
Q

signs of absent interferon gamma receptors

A

ONLY TB infection early in infancy

77
Q

signs of brutons

A

chronic respiratory infections (pneumonia, otitis media) AND chronic diarrhea

78
Q

constitutional signs of kids with SCID

A

low weight

79
Q

what are common infections if you dont have T cells

A

fungal (!candida!) and viral

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