Deck 7 COPY Flashcards
signs of PKU in the neonate
musty body odor, eczema, lethargy, poor feeding, microcephly, hypopigmentation, seizures
how do you test for PKU
get an amino acid levels
signs of chronic suppurative otitis media
chronic >6wks of purulent otorrhea, hearing loss, NO PAIN, acquired cholesteotoma, TM perf
what bugs cause chronic suppurative otitis media
pseudomonas and staph aureus
appearance of external ear canal in chronic suppurative
normal after suction
pathogenesis of HUS kidney injury
renal vascular occlusion due to microthrombi
other causes of folate deficiency besides lack of diet intake
chronic hemolysis like from sickle cell
vaccine schedule for premature infants
same as full term! no need to wait
in a patient with thalessemia, what is their RBC # like
its elevated!!
mucosal involvement with staph scalded skin vs. toxic epidermal necrolysis
NO mucosal involvement in SSSS but expected in TEN
scrotal swelling, purpura, petichiae
HSP IgA vasculitis
RBC inclusions in sickle cell
howell jolly bodies
CKD effect on platelets
can cause platelet dysfunction and therefore easy bleeding
where are the calcifications for toxo vs. CMV
CMV is around the ventricles and toxo is intraparenchymal diffuse
next step in eval of a neonate with severe hypospadias
karyotype because there might be a disorder of sexual development
what causes fifth disease aka erythema infectiosum
parvo!
what is the nature of the arthritis in rheumatic fever
it is migratory
nature of arthritis in JIA
Usually symmetrical and not migratory
what causes bullous impetigo
staph a
what causes erylipseas
strep pyogenes
signs of hereditary spherocytosis (clinical)
hemolytic anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly
why does spherocytosis cause jaundice
the spherocytes get stuck in the spleen and lyse
reticulocyte level in hemolytic anemia
increased!
MCHC levels in hereditary spherocytosis
high!
signs of rickets
asymmetric bowing legs, open fontanelle, costochondral joint enlargement, enlarged wrist bones
associations with myelomeningocele
chiari II
bacterial bloody diarrheal causes
EHEC, nontyphoid salmonella, shigella, yersinia, campylobacter
protozoal causes of bloody diarrhea
entamoeba histolytica, prolonged diarrhea
reassuring lymph node signs
mobile, soft <2cm
concerning lymph node signs
nonmobile, firm, nontender >2cm
what drugs cause immune related hemolysis
cephalosporins and penicillins
pathogenesis of drug induced hemolytic anemia I
drug binds and acts as a hapten allowing IgG to bind which then gets vacummed in the spleen
drugs that can cause a G6PD flair
antimalarials and sulfa drugs (TMP-SMX)
treatment of intussusception
air or water enema
heart defects as a result of G-DM
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
what do you use to treat HOCM in a neonate of a DM mother
propanolol
langerhans cell histiocytosis signs
lytic bone lesions (face especially), eczema/skin manefestations, lymphadenopathy, central diabetes insipidus
causes of increased RDW
iron deficiency anemia, sideroblastic anemia, B12 deficiency etc
two main types of ADHD
inattention or hyperactive/compulsive –> often a mixture of both
description of vision loss with IIH
enlarged blind spots bilaterally
what puts patients at risk of progression in their scoliosis
onset before menarche, female sex, age <12, severe curvature
if a patient has prolonged bleeding after surgery, tooth extraction etc, what is the dx
hemophelia
severity of hemophelia and trauma bleeding risk
the more severe disease you dont need any trauma to have bleeding
treatment of bowlegs
observation and followup
how do you dx transient synovitis
bilateral hip ultrasound
what joint is affected in transient synovitis
the hips only
history finding of transient synovitis
recent URI
what is a vascular ring in the trachea
this is when a ring of vessels entangle the trachea and cause biphasic stridor
how should you dx appendicitis in a child
ultrasound
treatment of central precocious puberty
leuprolide
treatment of abetalipoproteinemia
restriction of long chain amino acids,
when do you do exchange therapy for hyperbilirubinemia
> 24
treatment of croup
racemic epinephrine
winters formula
1.5(HCO3) + 8 +/- 2 = CO2
what does winters test for
if there is respiratory compensation in metabolic acidosis
management of hip dysplasia
> 4mo xray <4mo ultrasound
clinical signs of transpo of great vessels
immediate cyanosis, not corrected by O2, PROMINENT S2
does transpo of great vessels have a murmur
no unless concaminant VSD
when does hypoplastic left heard syndrome show up
typically two days post birth once PDA closes
when does retinopathy of prematurity occur
at <30 wks of birth
if an infant has an absent red light reflex, what is goin on
retinoblastoma! potentially also retinopathy of prematurity but this is only in premies
where do you palpate tenderness in osgood shattler
tibial tuberosity
is physiological gynecomastia uni or bilateral
either
what is associated with membraneous nephropathy
hepB
what are the B/T cell levels like in ataxia with telangectasia
both are low
levels of Ig in ataxia telangectasia
low IgA but everything else is okay
how do you tell difference between bacterial vs. viral sinusitis
viral has no sx and is resolved faster
trt of viral sinusitis
reassurance
temporal lobe hemorrhage in newborn
HSV infection
what are pulses like in PDA
they can be bounding
what defects do impairments to the endocardial cushion cause
they are associated with AV valces and ASD
when is eosinophilic with granulomatosis dx
in adulthood
if a patient has dark urine but minimal RBCs in the urine what test do you run
CBC! to check for hemoglobin levels
signs of anaphylaxis
> 2 system involvement: skin, GI, respiratory, CV
does congential andioedema have wheels present
nope just angioedema of the throat and abdominal pain
signs of absent interferon gamma receptors
ONLY TB infection early in infancy
signs of brutons
chronic respiratory infections (pneumonia, otitis media) AND chronic diarrhea
constitutional signs of kids with SCID
low weight
what are common infections if you dont have T cells
fungal (!candida!) and viral
