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326 > week 5 chemo and radiation > Flashcards

week 5 chemo and radiation Flashcards

1
Q

with ___ treatments, you want to cure, control and do palliation

A

cancer

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2
Q

when cancer is diagnosed, you need to as a ___, active listen to concerns

A

nurse

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3
Q

when cancer is diagnosed, you need to as a ___, manage your own discomfort

A

nurse

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4
Q

when cancer is diagnosed, you need to as a ___, give clear explanations and repeat if needed

A

nurse

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5
Q

when cancer is diagnosed, you need to as a ___, give written info about reinforcement

A

nurse

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6
Q

when cancer is diagnosed, you need to as a ___, refer to oncology when possible

A

nurse

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7
Q

when cancer is diagnosed, you need to as a ___, you manage your own discomfort and avoid hindering explaining feelings and avoid technical lang

A

nurse

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8
Q

when cancer is diagnosed, you need to as a ___, you manage discomfort by listening when impt and encourage the pt to share their feelings

A

nurse

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9
Q

when cancer is diagnosed, you need to as a ___ ask caring questions

A

nurse

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10
Q

when curing cancer you see it end in the usual __ span

A

life

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11
Q

when controlling cancer, you see the usual or reduced __ span

A

life

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12
Q

when doing palliation, you end in ____ care

A

hospice

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13
Q

CELL TYPE and LOCATION AND SIZE OF TUMOR help determine what __ is used

A

therapy

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14
Q

disease extent and status help determine what ___is used

A

therapy

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15
Q

expressed needs and desires help determine what type of therapy is ___

A

used

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16
Q

surgery alone or periods of adjunctive systemic therapy is ___ therapy

A

curative

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17
Q

time frame to “cure” may differ according to tumor and characteristics

A

curative therapy(hopefully the greatest disease eradication)

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18
Q

initial course and maintenance therapy is __ treatment

A

control

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19
Q

relief and control of symptoms and maintain QOL are palliation. torf?

A

true

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20
Q

may include surgery, chemo and radiation, biologic, and targeted therapy

A

curative therapy

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21
Q

testicular cancer can be cured with ___, chemo and radiation

A

surgery

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22
Q

with control, you cant cure it but can ___

A

maintain

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23
Q

multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia are control treatments. torf?

A

true

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24
Q

surgery is the __ form of cancer treatment and meets a variety of goals

A

oldest

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25
Q

we are trying to go toward less radical surgeries. torf?

A

true

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26
Q

with surgery you can: prevent, cure and control and do palliation and ____

A

support

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27
Q

chemo is the __ of chemicals and the mainstay for most solid tumors and cancers

A

use

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28
Q

chemo can offer: cure, control or palliative care. torf?

A

true

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29
Q

want to cure with chemo: brkitts lymphoma and testicular cancer. torf?

A

tru

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30
Q

want to cure with chemo: hodgkins lymphoma and acute lymphocytic leukemia. torf?

A

true

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31
Q

want to cure with chemo: neuroblastoma and wilms tumor. torf?

A

tru

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32
Q

want to control with chemo: breast cancer and nonhodgkins lymphoma.torf?

A

tru

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33
Q

want to control with chemo: small cell lung cancer. torf?

A

tru

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34
Q

want to do palliation with chemo: to relieve pain, relieve obstruction and improve well __

A

being

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35
Q

Effective against dividing cells, so cancer cells escape death by staying in G0 phase (resting phase) is done with chemo. torf?

A

true

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36
Q

the ___ of chemo are Presence of drug-resistant resting and noncycling cells

A

problem

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37
Q

with chemo, As tumors get bigger, more cells become inactive and convert to go. torf?

A

true

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38
Q

when handling chemo ___, there is an occupational hazard

A

agents

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39
Q

when handling chemo ___, the drugs can be absorbed thru skin and inhalation

A

agents

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40
Q

when handling chemo ___, be trained to do it

A

agents

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41
Q

chemo can be given by: oral, IM, or IV(most ___)

A

common

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42
Q

IV chemo is given at the CVAD bc __ vessels and frequent administration.

A

large

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43
Q

IV chemo can be given in____ bc continuous and intermittent administration and give other fluids(blood and electrolytes)

A

CVAD

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44
Q

with regional chemo, the drug goes directly to tumor site and has a ___ concentration of drug with less systemic toxicity

A

hgih

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45
Q

regional chemo is: intraarterial and inteaperitoneal . torf?

A

true

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46
Q

regional chemo is: intrathecal or intravetricular. torf?

A

tru

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47
Q

regional chemo is: intravesical bladder. torf?

A

true

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48
Q

intraarterial is thry arteries that supply __

A

tumor

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49
Q

intraperitoneal delivers drug to peritoneal __ for treating peritoneal metastases

A

cavity

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50
Q

intraarterial is used for osteogenic sarcoma and liver cancers. torf?

A

true

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51
Q

inraarterial is used for: neck and head and bladder cancers. torf?

A

true

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52
Q

intraarterial is used for: cervix cancer and melanoma. torf?

A

tru

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53
Q

intraperitoneal is when you give 1-2 L to peritoneum for 4 hours then drain the fluid that was dwelling. torf?

A

-true

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54
Q

intrathecal or intraventricular ass with lumbar puncture and injecting into subarachnoid space. torf?

A

true

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55
Q

intravesicular bladder is the agent is added to the bladder by cath and retained for 1-3 hours. torf?

A

true

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56
Q

chemo ___ dont distinguish between normal and healthy tissue

A

agents

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57
Q

chemo ___ are normal cells are destroyed

A

side effects

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58
Q

the classes of ADR of chemo are: acute, delayed, and chronic. you see neutropenia. torf?

A

true

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59
Q

chemo drugs given in combo are calc by Body SA and involve drugs with different MOA. torf?

A

true

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60
Q

when the cancer cells mutate, there is ___ to chemo

A

resistence

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61
Q

___is the oldest nonsurgical cancer treatments

A

radiation

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62
Q

50% OF PTS GET RADIAITON.TORF?

A

TRUE

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63
Q

emission of energy from a source and travels through space or some material

A

radiation

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64
Q

low and high beams involved in radiation. torf?

A

true

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65
Q

expand energy quickly, for skin lesions, and penetrate a short distance

A

low energy beams

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66
Q

GREATER depth of penetration and good for ___ dosing of internal targets while sparing skin is high energy beam

A

optimal

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67
Q

with radiation, the nonmencalture is Gv(grey) or cGV(centigray) and 1 cGv=__

A

1 rad

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68
Q

100 cGv=1 __

A

G(grey)

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69
Q

total doses of __ are divided into fractions

A

radiation

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70
Q

Typically delivered once a day for 5 days a week for 2 to 8 weeks is standard ___ with radiation

A

fractionation

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71
Q

certain tumors are __ suspectible to radiation than others

A

more

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72
Q

immobilization device is the one where you trap the head. torf?

A

true

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73
Q

radiation is used to treat a __ of the body

A

area

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74
Q

radiation is __ a primary treatment for systemic disease

A

not

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75
Q

radiation can be used by itself or with chemo or with ___ to treat primary tumors & for palliation of metastatic lesions

A

surgery

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76
Q

teletherapy is also called ____ radiation

A

external

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77
Q

the most common radiation treatment is teletherapy. torf?

A

true

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78
Q

the pt is exposed to radiation from a megavolt machine in teletherapy. torf?

A

true

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79
Q

gamma knife tech is using ___

A

cobalt

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80
Q

cyclotron is using neurons and protons. torf?

A

true

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81
Q

linear accelerator is using ionizing radiation. torf?

A

true

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82
Q

internal radiation is also called bradytherapy and uses the ___ or insertion of radioactive materials into or close to tumor

A

implantation

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83
Q

minimal exposure to healthy tissue and commonly used with external radiation is ___ radiation

A

internal

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84
Q

the pt is emitting radioactivity and limit the amt of time near pts being treated with internal radiation. you can organize care and use shielding and wear a film badge to mon ___

A

exposure

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85
Q

chemo and radiation side ___ are bone marrow suppression and fatigue

A

effects

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86
Q

chemo and radiation side ___ are GI disturbances and skin/mucosal reactions

A

effects

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87
Q

chemo and radiation side ___ are pulm and repro effects

A

effects

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88
Q

with bone marrow suppression you can see myelosuppresion(___ common side effects of chemo)

A

most

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89
Q

with bone marrow suppression you can see treatment induced reductions in RBC/WBC results in: infection, hemmorhage, or ___ fatigue

A

overwhelming

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90
Q

with bone marrow suppression you can see there are __ with neutropenic conditions

A

precautions

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91
Q

with radiation, the bone marrow within treatment field is effected but with ___ the whole body is effected

A

chemo

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92
Q

if receiving chemo, the ___ common effect is neutropenia

A

most

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93
Q

for bone marrow suppresion, it occurs in RBC after 3 ___

A

weeks

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94
Q

for bone marrow suppresion, it happens in WBC within 1-2 ___

A

weeks

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95
Q

for bone marrow suppresion, it happens in PLTs withing 2-3 ___

A

weeks

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96
Q

skin reactions occur in the radiation treatment field. torf?

A

true

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97
Q

skin reactions can be acute or chronic. torf?

A

true

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98
Q

skin reactions can develop 1-24 hours after treatment or progressive as treatment dose ______

A

accumulates

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99
Q

with skin reactions, you want to __ infections

A

prevent

100
Q

with skin reactions, you want to __ wound healing

A

faciliate

101
Q

with skin reactions, you want to __irritated skin temp extremes

A

protect

102
Q

with skin reactions, you want to __ pts deal with hair loss

A

help

103
Q

with skin reactions, you see __and wet desquamation

A

dry

104
Q

a __ skin reaction must be kept clean and protected

A

wet

105
Q

a wet desquamation is If the rate of cell sloughing is ___ than the ability of the new epidermal cells to replace dead cells

A

faster

106
Q

___desquamation occurs with exposure of the dermis and weeping of serous fluid.

A

wet

107
Q

Wet desquamation of tissues generally produces __, drainage, and increased risk of infection

A

pain

108
Q

skin __ for radiation is to clean and protect with soap, rinsing and pat dry

A

care

109
Q

skin __ for radiation is to use lotion

A

care

110
Q

skin __ for radiation is to avoid meds, deoderant, perfume, tape and shaving the area

A

care

111
Q

skin __ for radiation is to avoid tight or harsh clothes

A

care

112
Q

skin __ for radiation is to use gentle detergent

A

care

113
Q

skin __ for radiation is to expose to air

A

care

114
Q

skin __ for radiation is to use astringent compress and absorbant dressings

A

care

115
Q

skin __ for radiation is to observe daily for infection

A

care

116
Q

fatigue effects ___ cancer pts

A

all

117
Q

anemia is a __ of fatigue

A

cause

118
Q

accumulation of toxins in body after cells killed are ___ of fatigue

A

causes

119
Q

extra energy needed to heal and no sleep are causes of ___

A

fatigue

120
Q

exercise and activity are ways to __ fatigue

A

manage

121
Q

fatigue can persist long after ___ has ended

A

treatment

122
Q

a cancer pt who is full of fatigue the nurse should __before activity

A

rest

123
Q

a cancer pt who is full of fatigue the nurse should __assistance with activity

A

get

124
Q

a cancer pt who is full of fatigue the nurse should __active in periods of time pts feel better

A

remain

125
Q

a cancer pt who is full of fatigue the nurse should __nutrition and hydration

A

maintain

126
Q

a cancer pt who is full of fatigue the nurse should __for reversible causes of fatigue

A

assess

127
Q

with the GI effects, you want to ___giving antiemetics

A

prevent

128
Q

with the GI effects, you want to ___for s/s of alkalosis, dehydration and I/O

A

assess

129
Q

with the GI effects, you want to ___a high cal, low fiber, high protein and nonirritating food

A

eat

130
Q

with the GI effects, you see ___(mouth ulcers)

A

mucositis

131
Q

the ___ mucosa is the most sensitive to treatment

A

intestinal

132
Q

___ effects are N/V & diarrhea

A

GI

133
Q

mucositis, and anorexia are ___ effects

A

GI

134
Q

if on chemo, you can get anticipatory or __ N/V

A

delayed

135
Q

V occurs within 1 __ of chemo or few hours post radiation to chest or ab(can be 24 hours later)

A

hour

136
Q

a __ informs the pt of the sex SE

A

nurse

137
Q

a ____ tells to use appropriate shielding

A

nurse

138
Q

a ____ refers to counseling if needed

A

nurse

139
Q

a ___ encourages discussion of issues RT to sexualty

A

nurse

140
Q

pulm effects may be ___ and irreversible

A

progressive

141
Q

cough and dyspnea are __ effects

A

pulm

142
Q

pneumonitis and pulm edema are ___ effects

A

pulm

143
Q

treat __ probs with bronchodialters and O2

A

pulm

144
Q

treat __ probs with bed rest and cough suppressants

A

pulm

145
Q

Pneumonitis&pulmonary fibrosisare due to ____ reaction of endothelium

A

inflammation

146
Q

pulmonary edema& hypersensitivity pneumonitis are due to ____ reaction of endothelium

A

inflammation

147
Q

interstitial fibrosis and pneumonitis are due to ____ reaction of endothelium

A

inflammation

148
Q

CAD preexisting are more ___ to CV effects

A

vulnerable

149
Q

do ECG for CV effects of ___

A

treatment

150
Q

doxorubicin is a ___ to treat cancer but can lead to worse probs.

A

antibiotic

151
Q

treatment can __ irreversible and progressive CV toxicities

A

produce

152
Q

pericardial effusion is a CV ___

A

effect

153
Q

-icin’s can ___ECG abnormalities, L ventricular dysfunction, and HF

A

cause

154
Q

you can have ___ brain and mental cloudiness or fog

A

chemo

155
Q

chemo brain can be severe and can last for short term or long ___

A

term

156
Q

chemo __ can cause mem or thinking probs

A

brain

157
Q

most at __ pts are treated with alkylating agents and high dose radiation

A

risk

158
Q

secondary cancers that __ happen are leukemia

A

can

159
Q

secondary cancers that __ happen are angiosarcoma

A

can

160
Q

secondary cancers that __ happen are skin cancer

A

can

161
Q

multiagent use of chemo can be additive effects ___ lateeffects

A

increasing

162
Q

___ effects of radiation are liver and kidney probs

A

late

163
Q

___ effects of radiation are lung and heart probs

A

late

164
Q

___ effects of radiation are muscle and bone and CT probs

A

late

165
Q

___ effects of radiation are skin telangiestasias to strictures

A

late

166
Q

___ effects of radiation are fistulas and necrosis

A

late

167
Q

___ effects of radiation are lymphedema

A

late

168
Q

___ effects of chemo are toxicity and cataracts

A

late

169
Q

___ effects of chemo are OP and endocrine probs

A

late

170
Q

___ effects of chemo are renal insuffiencient and hepatitis

A

late

171
Q

___ effects of chemo are neurocog dysfunction

A

late

172
Q

___ of cancer are continuous growth of cancer into normal tissue

A

complications

173
Q

___ of cancer are SE of treatments

A

compliations

174
Q

___ of cancer are malnutrition and altered taste senstation

A

complications

175
Q

there is fat and __ depletion

A

muscle

176
Q

do nutritional ____ when 5% weight lost and protein or cal malnutrition

A

counseling

177
Q

cancer pts should __foods they dont like and use spices

A

avoid

178
Q

cancer pt may have dehydration and impaired __ healing

A

wound

179
Q

avoid temp extremes and tobacco and ETOH with cancer __

A

pts

180
Q

hard to ___ nutritional status when 10lb weight gain

A

maintain

181
Q

with cancer __ you may need to do enteral or parenteral nutrition

A

pts

182
Q

cancer cachexia is also called __ syndrome

A

wasting

183
Q

wasting __ is anorexia and weight/appetite

A

syndrome

184
Q

tissue wasting and muscle atrophy are ___ syndrome

A

wasting

185
Q

immune dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities are ___ syndrome

A

wasting

186
Q

the weight loss with cancer cachexia cant be ___ nutritionally

A

reversed

187
Q

cancer complications are the __ cause of death

A

primary

188
Q

lungs, GI,and GU are common ___ sites

A

infection

189
Q

mouth and rectum are common ___ sites

A

infection

190
Q

peritoneal cavity and blood are common ___ sites

A

infection

191
Q

complications of ___ infection are due to ulceration

A

cancer

192
Q

complications of ___ infection are due to compression of vital organs by tumor

A

cancer

193
Q

complications of ___ infection are due to neutropenia bc of disease and treatment

A

cancer

194
Q

if you have neutropenia, call abt a fever above 38/100.4__

A

degrees

195
Q

with neutropenia and a depressed immune system, the infection__ are subtle

A

s/s

196
Q

the complications of cancer oncologic emergencies are life threatening. torf?

A

true

197
Q

the complications of cancer oncologic emergencies are bc of disease or treatment. torf?

A

true

198
Q

the complications of cancer oncologic emergencies can be: obstructive, infiltrative, and metabolic. torf?

A

true

199
Q

SVC syndrome and SC compression sydrome are ___ emergencies

A

obstructive

200
Q

third space syndrome and intestinal obstruction are ___ emergenices

A

obstructive

201
Q

metabolic ___ are caused by ectopic horomones from the tumor or treatment

A

emergencies

202
Q

___ hormones arise from tissues that don’t normally produce these hormones

A

ectopic

203
Q

in a ___ emergency, the Cancer cells return to a more embryonic form, thus allowing the cells’ stored potential to become evident.`

A

metabolic

204
Q

SIADH and hypercalcemia are metabolic ___

A

emergencies

205
Q

tumor lysis syn. and septic shock are metabolic ___

A

emergencies

206
Q

DIC are metabolic ___

A

emergencies

207
Q

malignant tumor infiltrate the organs or secondary to therapy are ___ emergencies

A

infiltratitive

208
Q

cardiac tamponade and coronary artery rupture are infiltrative ____

A

emergencies

209
Q

with cancer pain, the pts report should be ____

A

believed

210
Q

with cancer pain, use drugs to __ pain

A

control

211
Q

with untreated cancer pain, it ____suffering, low QOL and increased burden on cargiver

A

causes

212
Q

with cancer pain, the biggest barrier to good __ management

A

pain

213
Q

50% of cancer pts have mod to severe pain if the ___ is active

A

treatment

214
Q

80-90% of advanced cancer pts have mod to severe pain. torf?

A

true

215
Q

non pharm ways to manage pain are relaxation and imagery. torf?

A

true

216
Q

drug therapy for cancer __ is: NSAIDS, opioids and adjuvant pain meds

A

pain

217
Q

when managing cancer __ tell pt to keep a diary

A

pain

218
Q

you can use antiseizure/depressants for neuropathic __

A

pain

219
Q

with cancer pain management, addiction and tolerance are __ probs

A

not

220
Q

religion, social, coping skills and demographics are ways to cope with ___

A

cancer

221
Q

____ pops are at risk for late stage disease at time of diagnosis

A

underservered

222
Q

to be culturally competent for cancer, ___ culture differences, care barriers, and adapting to specific care needs

A

assess

223
Q

more blacks with cancer then in ___

A

whites

224
Q

when coping with cancer, the __ should use persuasive anxiety and fear

A

nurse

225
Q

when coping with cancer, the __ should be available and be caring

A

nurse

226
Q

when coping with cancer, the __ should listen and do symptom relief

A

nurse

227
Q

when coping with cancer, the __ should give accurate info

A

nurse

228
Q

when coping with cancer, the __ should build trust and use touch

A

nurse

229
Q

when coping with cancer, the __ should set realistic goals and support lifestyle patters

A

nurse

230
Q

when coping with cancer, the __ should maintain hope and give support

A

nurse

231
Q

when coping with ___, offer support from survivors and have phone contact info between visits

A

cancer

232
Q

when coping with ___, assist in planning for nutrition and transportation

A

cancer

233
Q

when coping with ___, do edu and support

A

cancer

234
Q

when coping with ___, do a psychosocial intervention and give info

A

cancer

235
Q

old cancer concerns are: CM may look like aging and they are more ___ to complications

A

vulnerable

236
Q

old cancer concerns are: Will the treatment provide more benefits than harm? torf

A

true

237
Q

old cancer concerns are:Is there need to optimize other co-morbidities or nutritional or functional status before starting treatment? torf

A

true

238
Q

old cancer concerns are:What are the patient’s preferences and wishes? torf

A

true

239
Q

old cancer concerns are: Will they be able to tolerate the treatment safely? torf

A

true

240
Q

aging and growth help the survivor rate. and improvement in early detection and ___

A

treatment

241
Q

secondary cancer and cog changes are long __effects of cancer

A

term

242
Q

CV/sexual dysfunction and psychosocial effects are long term __of cancer

A

effects

243
Q

with cancer, the __ should tell pt what to expect to decrease anxiety

A

nurse

244
Q

with cancer, the __ should encourage discussion of fears

A

nurse

245
Q

with cancer, the __ should reassure the pt that situation is temporarily

A

nurse

246
Q

with cancer, the __ should inform the pt of support care

A

nurse

326 (59 decks)

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