exam 1 Flashcards
USED TO DECREASE INTRAVASCULAR VOLUME IN HEART FAILURE?
diuretics
A PATIENT HAS 40 MG OF ORAL FUROSEMIDE PRESCRIBED TWICE A DAY. WHAT TIME WILL YOU INSTRUCT THE PATIENT TO TAKE THE MEDICATION?`
8 am and 2 pm-So they aren’t up at night having to pee, prevent nocturia
with ___ you want to treat the disease like valve replacement or controling HTN
HF
with ___ you want to treat the disease like cardiac ablation and pacemker insertion
HF
you will do teaching and med ands diet/exercise to prevent ___
HF
weigh daily, cardiac rehab, and food logs are care for ____
HF
do nutritional and drug therapy for ___
HF
DASH diet, 2.5g Na a day, and restrict fluid if you have ___
HF
weight yourself daily and R 3 lb over 1-2 days and 3-5 lb over a week for ___
HF
you want to decrease symptoms and improve cardiac function with _
HF
reverse ventricular remodeling and improve QOL with __
HF
increase exercise tolerance and decrease edema with ___
HF
decrease morbitity and mortality with __
HF
give BB(-olol) and ACEI and K supp for ___
HF
give vasodilators and digoxin/digitalis for ___
HF
put a pt in high fowlers and give O2 for ___
HF
DO CONTINUOUS ECG MONITORING AND USE DIURESIS TO DECREASE IVF FOR ___
HF
hypoventilation and low chest expansion cause ____ acidosis
resp
pneumonia and PE cause ___ acidosis
resp
OD and pulm edema cause ___ acidosis
resp
chest trauma and NM disease cause ____ acidosis
resp
COPD and airway obstruction cause ____acidosis
resp
DKA and salicylate OD cause ___ acidosis
met
shock and diarrhea(loose bicarb) cause ___ acidosis
met
renal failure and impaired liver(little bicarb made)cause___ acidosis
met
lactic acidosis and ketoacidosis cause ___ acidosis
met
ETOH and ASA (both acids)in excess cause __ acidosis
met
HEADACHE AND HYPERKALEMIA ARE S/S OF ___ acidosis
MET
disorientation and muscle twitching are s/s of ___acidosis
met
LOC changes and kussmals are ___ of met acidosis
s/s
CO2 retention is resp acidosis. t or f?
true
HCO3 loss or H+ rentention is met acidosis. t or f?
true
CO2 loss is resp alkalosis. t or f?
true
seizures and deep/rapid breathing are ___of resp alkalosis
s/s
hyperventilation and confusion are __ of resp. alkalosis
s/s
hypokalemia and light headed are __ of resp alkalosis
s/s
tingling extremities are __ of resp alkalosis
s/s
anxiety and altitude are causes of resp alkalosis. t or f?
true
pregnancy and fever are causes of resp alkalosis. t or f?
true
hypoxia, shock and PE are causes of resp alkalosis. t or f
tru
HOC3 excess or H+ loss is met alkalosis. t or f
true
low gastric juices and antacid overuse cause met alkalosis. t or f?
tru
K wasting diuretics cause met alkalosis. t or f
true
diarrhea and hypokalemia are __ of met alkalosis.
s/s
slow respirations and nausea are __ of met alkalosis
s/s
confusion that is linked to LOC thats low is a __ of met alkalosis
s/s
restless then lethargic is a __ of met alkalosis
s/s
hypoventilation and dysrhythmias are __ of met alkalosis
s/s
alkalosis is caused by loss of too much acid or retention of too much base. t or f
true
acidosis is caused by retention of too much acid or loss of too much base. t or f
true
resp probs are where CO2 are opp direction of pH. t or f
tru
met probs are where HCO3 is equal and the same direction as pH. t or f
tru
• A nurse is caring for a HF pt and R shortness of breath. what do you do?
Assist into high fowlers position first
• Nurse got lab values of K at 5.2. when calling provider, expect what action to do?
o Cardiac monitoring continuous
increases the digoxin toxicity . what K level? 3.4 or 4.8?
3.4
• Address bp of __/__ and pulse of 110 in a pt who just came out of surgery
80/56
with __ you see compression socks used and a high protein diet
VLU
with VLU, use moist environment dressings and elevation. t or f
true
with VLU, use hyperbaric support like angiogenesis and you see edema. t or f
true
with VLU, you see veins and valves fail to move due to ___ valves and calf muscle pump.
imcompetant
with VLU, you see venous hypertension, VTE, and variscosities t or f
true
with VLU, medial and painful ulcers & hemosiderin staining. t of f
true
with VLU, you see friable skin and think/hard/leather skin. t or f?
true
with digoxin, R BC or TC?
BC
• A nurse is giving furosemide for edema, do…assess for tinnitus, eat a banana, elevate head before ambulating, mon K levels. t or f?
true
with VLU, you see weeping wounds and medial mallolus location. t or f?
tru
with VLU, you see dependent pain and yellow or ruddy granulation. t or f?
tru
with VLU, you see irregular shapes and lots of drainage. torf
true
• Teaching on hydrochlorothiazide is to take it with food due to the GI upset. t or f
true
• Pt has PAD, you expect pallor on elevation of limbs, and rubor when limbs are dependent. torf
true
• Pt has chronic ____ insufficiency, apply compression stockings in morning and bf out of bed
venous
with VLU, pain is worse when dependent and actue leads to chronic if ___ treated
NOT
with VLU, it is __ for wounds to reappear in the same location
common
with VLU, amputation is rare, there is less change of necrosis and bc the fluid doesn’t get back to the heart. but the blood can get to the extremities. t or f?
true
edu a pt to empty the bladder and void every 3-4 hours with a uti. t or f
true
edu a pt with a UTI to pop regular and tell that 20% of liquid comes from food. t or f
true
with a UTI mon for urine color and clarity. t or f
true
with UTI, get a HH and a physical. and ask abt meds they take. t or f
true
with a UTI, ask abt foley in last 30 days and hygeine habits. t or f
true
do a urinalysis for e. coli(for diagnosis, you need a count of 100,000). t or f
true
do a UA C&S for microbes, RBC, WBC. t or f
true
UTI diagnoses are impaired urine elimination. t or f?
true
UTI diagnoses are acute pain and confusion. t or f
true
UTI diagnoses are altered sensory perception and bad management of self. t or f
true
for UTI give antibiotics like nitrofurantoin(turns urine brown and is a ____(weakens the bacteria)
bacteriostatic
for UTI give antibiotics like trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. t or f
true
for an uncomplicated UTI, give short term antibiotics for 1 to __ days
3
for a complicated UTI, give drugs for 7-14 days and give prophylactic for recurrant UTIs. t or f
t
when your pee burns, give phenzopyridine which turns your urine ___
orange
for a UTI and pain give acetylomenophine. t or f
true
avoid catheters when you can and incontinent episodes. t or f
true
slow progressive noninflammatory disease of joints and NOT normal to aging
OA
put OA off by maintaining weight. t or f
true
OA common in ages 50-60 and can __ at 20-30
begin
OA results from ___ damage that makes a metabolic response
cartilage
with ____, cartilage becomes dull, yellow and granular.
OA
with ____, cartilage becomes soft and less elastic, less resistant to wear with heavy use
OA
stiff joints that resolve in 30 min with ___
OA
overactive can cause joint effusion and ___ stiffness with OA
increase
early stages in OA, rest relieves pain but in late stages, pain is when you ___
rest
OA is __ symetrical and has H and B nodes with fingers still straght
not
prevent OA, thru diet, exercise and joint protection. t or f
true
with ___, joint space narrowing/sclerosis/subchondral cysts/osteophytes
OA
with ___, you see osteoporosis and ANA pos
RA
with __, there is pos anti-CCP and elevated ESR/CRP and RF pos
RA
you cannot prevent ___, it is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease and genetic
RA
CT in joints are inflammed in RA, and there are remission and ___ periods
exacerbation
RA effects more __ than men
women
infection or stress can cause RA and has a insidious onset. t or f
true
RA is symetrical and stiffness can last more than 60 min and has ___ destruction
bone
with RA, __ become tender, painful and warm
joints
with RA, joint pain __ with motion
increases
with __ there are flexion contractures and hand deformities
RA
RA can cause diminished grasp ___
strength
with RA, you want to reduce inflammation and manage pain. t or f
true
with RA, you want to prevent/minimize joint deformity and maintain joint function. t or f
true
DMARDS like methotrexate can ___ the permanent effects of RA
lessen
can give NSAIDS and corticosteroids for __
RA
for OA and RA, do rest and joint ___
protection
for OA and RA, rest in a ___ up
flare
for OA and RA, ____ flexion and promote extension
avoid
for OA and RA, ___ activities to put less stress on joints
modify
for OA and RA, use a ___ and immobilze in inflammation
splint
for OA and RA, ice is for___ inflammation and heat for stiffness
acute
balance nutrition and __ for OA and RA & avoid processed food and chemicals and red meat and diary and sugar.
exercise
for OA and RA, in a flare up walk and water aerobic and reduce ____ if you can
weight
for OA and RA, reduce stress and stop ___ and give meds
smoking
red and swelling =
inflammation
pain and warmth are
inflammation
vasodilation and function lost are
inflammation
maintain hygiene to prevent
inflammation
RestIceCompressionElevation for inflmmation. t or f
true
RICE helps to ___ swelling
minimize
