Week 4 - MS Infectious Disease Flashcards

0
Q

What does a banded neutrophil look like in comparison to a mature neutrophil?

A

A banded neutrophil has one large lobe, not sectioned (shaped like a C). Meanwhile, a mature neutrophil is also lobular but it’s sectioned into different chunks yet all lobes are still connected.

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1
Q

What is the function of WBC? What is a normal WBC count? When do you have elevated WBC?

A
  • Cells of the immune system defending the body against both infections and foreign materials
  • Normal: 4,500-11,000 cells/ml
  • Infections, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune systemic diseases, leukemia, and emotional & physical stress
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2
Q

What is the composition of the WBC Count normally?

A

Basophils )

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3
Q

How is ESR calculated and what does it stand for?

A

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

Rate at which RBC precip. in one hour when anti-coagulated blood is allowed to stand

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4
Q

What does ESR measure/indicate?

A

It measures abnormal acute phase proteins and immunoglobulins.
It’s a nonspecific indicator of tissue damage & inflammation.
-Elevated in: anemia, endocarditis, kidney disease, osteomyelitis, pregnancy, etc.

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5
Q

What is normal ESR?

A

</= 20 mm/hr

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6
Q

What is C-Reactive Protein (CRP)?

A

It is produced in the liver & present in circulation at low levels normally. It is involved in the promotion of the immune system through the activation of the complement cascade.

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7
Q

What is the normal amount of CRP?

A

</= 1 mg/dL

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8
Q

When is CRP elevated?

A

Bacterial infections, inflammation conditions, acute rheumatic fever, acute rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease

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9
Q

What causes discoloration of the synovial fluid?

A

Tissue destruction & bacteria getting deeper into the tissue & causing blood to leak out

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