Week 4 Flashcards
Jean Baptiste de Lamarck
Philosophie Zoologique: Animals had bodily change to adjust to their environment (Giraffe neck example)
Ideas of World History Initial
Based on literal interpretations of religion (Bible)
Charles Darwin
On the Origin of Species: evolution of natural selection > inheritable traits (Predicts evolution from Chimps/ Gorillas from Africa with a missing link)
Charles Lyell
Principle of Geogology: World older than we think (Much older, lead to Darwin theory)
Biochem in field of Human History
Provided small difference between humans and apes (evolutionary history not too far back in history) by looking at DNA (5-7 mill. years ago)
Historical evidence (ranges)
5000 yrs: written records
10 000: archaeological records
50 000: skeletal and stone remains
Later than that (5 Mill.) = DNA
Two Types of information (Genetic)
Genes and Geneaologies
Hominid
erect bipedal primate mammal
Human
Any member of the genus Homo
Hominins
species closely related to humans (Chimps)
Human Line Difference Between Chimps
Pair bonding (more male production), and greater cognitive abilities > communication
Qualities Needed to Leave Africa
- body shape and stride
intelligence to cope with new environments - improved technology
- versatile diet
Mitrochondial Eve
Everyone descended from one female
Y-Chromosomal Adam
All men descended from one man
Four qualities of humans
1: live in nuclear family units
2: fairness and reciprocity
3. complex language
4: religion
Migration Genetics
Genetic similarities can be seen in migration stopping points
Sunda and Sahel
Lost continent which allowed for land migration out of Africa
Chauvet Cave
Cave full of footprints and paintings in Australia
Bering Straight
Connection from Siberia and Alaska, and into South America
Bering Straight Waves of Migration (3 waves)
Amerind, Na-Dene, Eskimo/ Inuit
Clovis and Monte Verde
Places where migrants from Bering Straight stopped
Race
no biological reality, emerged in 16th C, eventually used to make difference to justify colonization
Kim Tallbear
Response to racialization, Native america DNA cannot exist as a category without colonization
