Week 16

Question 1

Asserting control

Answer 1

• Indigenosu peoples left alone some times (colonizers just leave, finding place too inconvenient)
• different for temperate areas
• Some tried to ignore

Question 2

Report of Parliamentary Select Commitee on Aboriginal Tribes

Answer 2

• “protected Governance” (Australia/ New Zealand)
• Blueprint of humanitarian policy across british empire
• released in wake of abolition of slavery (1833)
• reducing frontier violence
• spreading Christianity
• prosecuting colonial renegades

Question 3

When colonization was difficult

Answer 3

slaves imported from Africa

Question 4

popular discourse of land tenure

Answer 4

• colonial power (military/ technological) overwhelmed Indigenous people who were doomed to extinction anyway
• historians recognize other aspects (displacement and disease)y

Question 5

Treaty Making

Answer 5

-used to make moral and legal legitamacy to expansion
- non-Europeans did so to protect/ further interests

Question 6

Pope Paul 3rd

Answer 6

• Prohibited treaties between Catholics and “heretics’

Question 7

Imbalance of power

Answer 7

• political power vs land knowledge and numbers
• many settlers signed treaties to gain help from indigenous people

Question 8

Treaties trends

Answer 8

• can be public agreeements between sovereigns or private agreements
• can be negotiated between groups/ individuals
• most often signed with groups they saw as powerful/ “more civilized”

Question 9

Two Row Wampum

Answer 9

-treaty between Haudenosaunee and British in 1640, evolved into Covenant Chain

Question 10

Treaty of Waitangi

Answer 10

• Bilingual treaty
• differ in meaning

Question 11

European Treaty Trends (power)

Answer 11

• Did not value ones signed with non-eurpeans often
• imbalance of power/ unequal terms

Question 12

Violence

Answer 12

• ## Treaties establish foundation of relations, war/ violence sanctioned them

Question 13

Treaty Rights

Answer 13

• Medieval Europe individuals could
• by 1500 only soverign nation
• Rights could be delegated to companies through charters
• crowns could exclusively treat

Question 14

Treaties from, Indigenous leader

Answer 14

• used to gain advantage over rivals
• Indigneous people can get treaties with Europeans to gain power

Question 15

Motivations for Treaties

Answer 15

• Indigenous people from places of weakness or strength
• European political/ commercial expansionism
• At heart, consent, recognition and obligation
• agreement on land resources and labour

Question 16

Legitamacy of Treaties

Answer 16

• showcases aspirations for it
• but mainly just a false hope
• Imposed authority often instilled through treaties

Question 17

Royal Proclamation

Answer 17

• end of 7 year war
• British Recognize Indigenous peoples rights ot land
• ## but not consistently (not in Australia)

Question 18

Treaties TLDR

Answer 18

• first was accords, to prevent conflict or solidify alliances
• cleared way for settlements and development
• were ignored (by governments)
• Secured Indigenous land for Colonial settlemnts and dev.

Question 19

Smaller Groups

Answer 19

• less likely to have treaties, instead just took land and used superiority to justify

Question 20

Smaller Groups Vid TLDR

Answer 20

• intelsive settlement led to rapid regulation and removal of Indigenous people
• they were “controlled/ managed” to not interfere with colonial settlement

Question 21

Hokkaido Aborigine Protection Act

Answer 21

1899
- was seen as vacant land
- forced assimilation
- repealed in 1997

Question 22

Indigenous communities and Assimilation

Answer 22

• small groups managed to survive
• Siberian: small groups separated by distance

Question 23

Bureaucratic structures and legislatives to manage Indig. groups

Answer 23

• US: Bureau of Indian Affairs
• Canada: Dept of Indian Affairs
  …

Question 24

Trail of Tears

Answer 24

• Forced removal of 5 tribes (Cherokee, Choctaw, Creek (Muscogee), Chickasaw, Seminole)
• most died before reaching destination

Question 25

Administrating Indig people TLDR

Answer 25

• Little places in colonial economies/ societies for them
• assimilation and change was encouraged to gain control
• economic activity closely regulated
• few protections from colonial development