Week 3 Visual Interventions

Question 1

what is the prevalence of VI after stroke

Answer 1

72%

Question 2

what is the most common VI after a stroke, what are other impairments

Answer 2

peripheral vision (most common)
central vision
eye movements
visual perception

Question 3

what are the three approaches for visual field loss, and which is the most favorable

Answer 3

adaptation/compensatory (most favorable)
substitution
restitution

Question 4

what is a way we can get patients to compensation

Answer 4

scanning and search training

Question 5

how can we get patients to substitute

Answer 5

peli prisms

Question 6

how can we get patients to restore

Answer 6

light stimuli to border area of the visual field loss to increase the visual fields

Question 7

what is strabismus

Answer 7

misalignment of the 2 eyes

Question 8

how can we treat ocular motility deficits

Answer 8

• pharmacological (botox- helps relax muscles for realignment)
• compensatory (occlusion to eradicate 2nd image, adaptive head postures and increased lighting)
• substitute (prisms to decrease diplopia)
• restorative (mergence exercises or ocular muscle surgery)

Question 9

how can we treat reduced visual acuity and contrast sensitivity

Answer 9

adjust glasses, use magnifiers, modify lights in the environment.

Question 10

how can we treat visual inattention or neglect

Answer 10

• substitute: perceptual retraining or visual scanning

- compensatory: scanning therapy, ADL training, provision of aids and modifications. also smooth pursuit training.

Question 11

how can we screen patients

Answer 11

we can test:

• visual acuity
• contrast sensitivity (with the Pelli-Robson)
• attention tests (tracking and Warren fixation test)
• ocular alignment/ROM (double H and convergence)
• depth perception (straw into a stirrer test)

Question 12

how can we test the visual fields

Answer 12

come from behind and test peripheral vision, and test for neglect (have them draw a clock)