Week 3 Quizzes Flashcards
The group(s) with primary responsibility for leadership in monitoring and disease surveillance in wildlife in the United States is the:
a. USDA-APHIS-VS (Animal Plant Health Inspection Service-Veterinary Services)
b. USDA-NWDP (National Wildlife Disease Program)
c. USDA-NAHSS (National Animal Health Surveillance System)
d. State fish and wildlife management agency
e. It is equally shared by all of these agencies
b. USDA-NWDP (National Wildlife Disease Program)
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a fatal disease of cattle that is transmitted via ingestion of contaminated tissues from an infected cow.
Would BSE be a disease of concern for transmission to cattle at the wildlife-domestic animal interface?
a. Yes
b. No
b. no
Disease transmission between wildlife and domestic animals is a major concern. Which of these routes of disease transmission occur at the wildlife-domestic animal interface?
a. Direct transmission
b. Indirect transmission
c. Aerosol transmission
d. Vertical transmission
e. A and B
f. A, B, and C
g. All of the above
f. A, B, and C
Foot and mouth disease is a highly contagious viral disease of cloven-hooved animals, including cattle, sheep, pigs, and deer. This disease is not present in the United States; however, if the disease did enter the United States, would transmission at the wildlife-domestic animal interface be an issue?
a. Yes
b. No
a. Yes
Population management is a strategy for controlling disease transmission at the wildlife-domestic animal interface. This is one of the strategies being used in the bovine tuberculosis eradication efforts in Michigan. Which of the following is an example of population management?
a. Dropping bait containing vaccine virus
b. Recruiting hunters to kill deer
c. Limiting the number of cattle grazing in the pastures
d. Feeding and baiting native wildlife
b. Recruiting hunters to kill deer
True or False: One of the unexpected outcomes of modern production confinement systems for domestic animals has been an increase in diseases resulting from transmission at the wildlife-domestic animal interface.
False - Modern production confinement systems have decreased the contact and transmission of diseases at the wildlife-domestic animal interface.
Consequences of disease transmission at the wildlife-domestic animal interface include:
a. Economic losses
b. Loss of biodiversity
c. Emergence of a new disease agent
d. Risks to human disease and health
e. A, B, and C
f. All of the above
f. All of the above
True or False: The wildlife-domestic animal interface occurs only when wildlife (peridomestic or migratory) come in direct contact with any domestic animal, e.g. cattle, dogs, pigs, cats or poultry.
False: Direct contact is not required and actually, the most common interface for domestic animals and wildlife is shared space not direct contact.
The three corners of the epidemiologic triad are:
a. Type of pathogen, virulence of the pathogen, and dose of the pathogen
b. Agent/pathogen factors, host factors and environmental factors
c. Age, genetics, and immune status
d. Temperature, humidity, and geography
e. Type of pathogen, species involved, and geography
b. Agent/pathogen factors, host factors and environmental factors
The most effective management strategy (this doesn’t mean it is easy) for managing diseases in wildlife that may have consequences for domestic animals is:
a. Test and slaughter
b. Quarantine
c. Vaccination and vector control
d. Prevention
e. There is not one best management strategy, all of the above are necessary
d. Prevention
In endemic regions, West Nile virus cycles between:
a. Birds, mosquitoes, and biting flies
b. Birds, horses, and humans
c. Mosquitoes and humans
d. Birds and mosquitoes
e. Horses and mosquitoes
d. Birds and mosquitoes
True or False: Most humans that become infected with West Nile virus are asymptomatic.
True
West Nile virus:
a. Was limited in its spread across the U.S. because rapid response and vector control measures were able to control it
b. Was diagnosed in the U.S. due to the keen observations and persistence of a zoo veterinarian.
c. Was easily recognized when it entered the U.S. via monitoring programs conducted by public health and animal health officials
d. Will likely be eradicated from North America within a few years
b. Was diagnosed in the U.S. due to the keen observations and persistence of a zoo veterinarian
Which of the following measures is likely to limit outbreaks of West Nile virus in the United States?
a. Test and slaughter of infected herds and flocks
b. A ban on the importation of psittacine birds
c. A quarantine on the movement of horses
d. Mosquito control
d. Mosquito control
Which of the following is true of West Nile virus infections in the United States?
a. Infections in commercial poultry significantly contribute to WNV infections in geographical areas where most commercial poultry are raised
b. Quarantine of horses is important to control WNV because horses contribute to the spread of the virus
c. West Nile virus cycles between mosquitoes and birds and can be transmitted by mosquitoes to mammals and reptiles
d. Since the vector is known, the disease is easy to control
c. West Nile virus cycles between mosquitoes and birds and can be transmitted by mosquitoes to mammals and reptiles
How can you distinguish a hard tick (ixodid tick) from a soft tick (argasid tick)?
a. Soft ticks have a leathery body and hard ticks have a hard shield (the scutum)
b. Soft ticks are insects and have modified wings, while hard ticks are arachnids
c. Hard ticks are insects and have modified wings, while soft ticks are arachnids
d. Soft ticks are found only on invertebrates
e. Soft ticks feed only on plants
a. Soft ticks have a leathery body and hard ticks have a hard shield (the scutum)
You find a large, colorful, orange and black tick on a cow. What disease(s) might it be carrying?
a. Bovine babesiosis
b. East Coast fever
c. Heartwater
d. African swine fever
e. Equine babesiosis
c. Heartwater
You would expect acaricide treatment of animals to be LEAST effective in controlling:
a. Ornithodoros erraticus
b. Boophilus annulatus
c. Rhipicephalus appendiculatus
d. Amblyomma variegatum
e. Boophilus microplus
a. Ornithodoros erraticus
The organism causing heartwater, Ehrlichia ruminantium, causes edema or fluid accumulation in the heart, brain, lungs, plural cavity, and peritoneum because it infects:
a. Red blood cells
b. Leukocytes
c. Endothelial cells
d. Respiratory epithelial cells
e. Gastrointestinal epithelial cells
c. Endothelial cells
You are examining some cattle in Florida, and you find a very large number of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (brown ear tick) in the ears of some cattle. What is your concern about this tick?
a. The tick is not found in the U.S. and it might carry the viral disease African Swine fever
b. The tick is found in the U.S. and it might be carrying bovine anaplasmosis
c. The tick is found in the U.S. and it might be carrying heartwater (E. ruminatum)
d. This tick is found in the U.S. and it might be carrying lyme disease
e. The tick is not found in the U.S. and it might be carrying East Coast fever (Theileria parva)
e. The tick is not found in the U.S. and it might be carrying East Coast fever (Theileria parva)
East Coast fever is associated with which ONE of the following?
a. Infection of red blood cells and symptoms associated with anemia
b. Infection of the epithelial cells in the lungs and symptoms associated with damage to the respiratory tract
c. Infection of the endothelial cells in the brain and thorax, and symptoms associated with an outpouring of fluid from the blood vessels
d. Infection of white blood cells and symptoms associated with uncontrolled proliferation of these cells
e. Infection of platelets and symptoms associated with abnormal blood clotting
d. Infection of white blood cells and symptoms associated with uncontrolled proliferation of these cells
Which of the following diseases could NOT be eradicated by controlling its tick vector(s)? Assume that all vector(s), including those on wildlife or feral hosts, can be completely eradicated.
a. East Coast fever
b. Equine babesiosis
c. Heartwater
d. African swine fever
d. African swine fever
Bovine babesiosis caused by Babesia bovis and B. bigemina is transmitted mainly by which ONE of the following ticks?
a. Ixodes and Amblyomma ticks
b. Rhipicephalus ticks (formerly Boophilus)
c. Ornithodoros erraticus
d. Amblyomma hebraeum
e. Amblyomma variegatum
b. Rhipicephalus ticks (formerly Boophilus)
What is the correct term for a tick that feeds on a rabbit during its larval and nymphal stages, but feeds on a cow after it becomes an adult?
a. Two host tick
b. Bispecific tick
c. Argasid tick
d. Dermatid tick
e. Promiscuous tick
a. Two host tick
