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ANAT 113 > Week 3 Learning Outcomes > Flashcards

Week 3 Learning Outcomes Flashcards

1
Q

Identify and describe the functions of the skeletal system

A

The internal frame of the body, includes bones, cartilage and joints
Essential for protecting organs, producing blood cells (hematopoiesis), storing essential minerals, anchoring skeletal muscles

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2
Q

Compact Bone

A

Hard bone made up of a hard calcified matrix arranged in layers.
Haversian canal systems brings in blood supply

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3
Q

Spongy Bone

A

Lighter bone, consists of plates and bares with irregular cavities that contain red bone marrow
Plates are called trabeculae, look like scaffold apparatus canaliculi connect to adjacent cavities and bring in blood supply

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4
Q

Name the four main classifications of bone according to shape.

A

Long bone
Flat bone
Short bone
Irregular bone

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5
Q

Long Bone Gross Anatomy: Epiphysis

A

Ends of long bones, made up of spongy bone

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6
Q

Long Bone Gross Anatomy: Diaphysis

A

Shaft of the bone, has cartilage outside of it to protect them when forming joints

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7
Q

Long Bone Gross Anatomy: Periosteum

A

Where the blood supply originates

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8
Q

Long Bone Gross Anatomy: Medullary Cavity

A

Stores yellow bone marrow, the body can rely on fat in the bone marrow to provide nutrition when the body is deprived as a last resort

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9
Q

Long Bone Gross Anatomy: Epiphyseal line

A

Where the bone used to grow

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10
Q

Compact Bone Microscopic Structure: Osteon

A

Rotate together to prevent bones from twisting

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11
Q

Compact Bone Microscopic Structure: Lamella

A

Layers of bone matrix that make up osteons, lots of collagen

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12
Q

Compact Bone Microscopic Structure: Lacuna

A

Little cavities in lamella, contain osteosites, monitors little fractures and damage caused to the bone by any weight carrying, lays the foundation to lay down new bone

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13
Q

Compact Bone Microscopic Structure: Canaliculi

A

little canals in Lacuna that connects the lacuna and lamella to the central canal of the osteon

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14
Q

Compact Bone Microscopic Structure: Central canal

A

Where the blood vessels and nerves are located down the middle

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15
Q

Compact Bone Microscopic Structure: Perforating canals

A

connects centre of osteons to the outside of the bone and to each other

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16
Q

Compact Bone Microscopic Structure: Periosteum

A

Where the blood supply originates

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17
Q

Bone Marking: Tuberosity

A

Large, rounded projection; may be roughened

18
Q

Bone Marking: Crest

A

Narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent

19
Q

Bone Marking: Trochanter

A

Very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process (only example is on the femur)

20
Q

Bone Marking: Line

A

Narrow ridge of bone; smaller than a crest

21
Q

Bone Marking: Tubercle

A

Small rounded projection or process

22
Q

Bone Marking: Epicondyle

A

Raised area on or above a condyle

23
Q

Bone Marking: Spine

A

Sharp, slender, often pointed projection

24
Q

Bone Marking: Process

A

Any bony prominence

25
Q

Bone Marking: Head

A

Bony expansion carried on a narrow neck

26
Q

Bone Marking: Facet

A

Smooth, nearly flat articular surface

27
Q

Bone Marking: Condyle

A

rounded articular projection

28
Q

Bone Marking: Ramus

A

Armlike bar of bone

29
Q

Bone Marking: Groove

A

Furrow

30
Q

Bone Marking: Fissure

A

Narrow, Slitlike opening

31
Q

Bone Marking: Foramen

A

Round or oval opening through a bone

32
Q

Bone Marking: Notch

A

Indentation at the edge of a structure

33
Q

Bone Marking: Meatus

A

Canal- or tunnel-like passageway

34
Q

Bone Marking: Sinus

A

Cavity within bone filled with air and lined with mucous membrane

35
Q

Bone Marking: Fossa

A

Shallow, basinlike depression in bone, often serving as an articular surface

36
Q

Depressions and openings (for passage of blood vessels and nerves)

A

Groove
Fissure
Foramen
Notch

37
Q

Projections that help to form joints

A

Head
Facet
Condyle
Ramus

38
Q

Sites of muscle and ligament attachment

A

Tuberosity
Crest
Trochanter
Line
Tubercle
Epicondyle
Spine
Process

39
Q

Osteocytes

A

Mature bone cells

40
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Bone-forming cells, builds bone matrix, takes calcium out of blood

41
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Break down/liquify bone matrix, takes calcium to be released from bone into blood

ANAT 113 (18 decks)

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