Digestive System 2 Flashcards
Accesory Digestive Organs: Teeth
Assists in mastication for food
2 Sets: Kids - 20, Adults - 30
Types of teeth: Incisors
Used for cutting
Types of teeth: Canines
Tearing or piercing
Types of teeth: Premolars
Grinding
Types of teeth: Molars
Grinding
Accesory Digestive Organs: Salivary Glands
creates saliva, only 3 pairs present in oral cavity
Salivary Glands: Parotid Glands
Found anterior to the ears, can become infected by mumps
Salivary Glands: Submandibular & Sublingual glands
Located at the floor of the mouths
Accesory Digestive Organs: Saliva
Helps moisten and bind food together to form bolus
What is Salivary Amylase
The enzyme that starts the digestion of starches in the mouth
What do Lysozymes and antibodies do
Dissolves chemicals for taste
Accesory Digestive Organs: Pancreas
Secretes important enzymes
Secretes bicarbonate to neutralize acidic chyme
Pancreas: What enzyme is secreted for carbohydrates
Pancreatic Amylase
Pancreas: What enzyme is secreted for fats
Pancreatic lipase
Pancreas: What are the 3 pancreatic proteases
Trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, procarboxypeptidase
Pancreas: What 2 hormones are produced
Insulin and Glucagon
Accessory Digestive Organs: Liver
Makes and secretes bile
Liver: How does the liver create bile
By use of the four lobes suspended from the diaphragm and abdominal wall by falciform
Liver: How does the liver secrete bile into the duodenum
Bile leave through the common hepatic duct and enters the duodenum through the bile duct
Accessory Digestive Organs: Gallbladder
Stores bile when no digestion is occuring
What is Gastrin
A peptide stimulated by the presence of food in the stomach
Stimulates glands to secrete HCL
What is Secretin
A peptide produced by duodenum, stimulated by food
What does secretin stimulate in the pancreas
Stimulates the release of enzyme-rich juice
What does secretin in the Liver
It increases the release of bile
What does secretin do in the stomach
Reduce secretions and mobilty
What is Cholecystokinin (CCK)
A peptide produced by duodenum, stimulated by food
What does CCK do to the pancreas
It stimulates the release of enzyme-rich juice
What does cck do to the gallbladder
Stimulates the expulsion of stored bile
What does CCK do to the duodenal papilla
Causes the sphincter to relax and allowing bile and pancreatic juice to enter the duodenum
What is Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)
A peptide produced by the duodenum , stimulated by food
What does GIP do to the stomach
Stops secretion of gastric juices
What does GIP do to pancreas
Stimulates insulin release
