New Cardiovascular system: The heart Flashcards
Where is the heart located
Inferior Mediastinum
What and where is the Apex
Inferior portion of the heart
5th level intercostal space
What and where is the Base
Superior portion
Beneath 2nd rib
What is the heart covering called
Pericardium
What is the fibrous pericardium and what does it do
Superficial layer of the pericardium
Anchors heart to diaphragm and sternum
Deepest pericardium layer and most superficial heart wall layer
Visceral pericardium/epicardium
Thick bundle of cardiac muscle
Myocardium
2nd heart wall layer
What heart wall layer lines the chambers and blood vessels
Endocardium
What are the receiving chambers of the heart
The 2 Atria
What are the discharging chambers/pumps of the heart
The 2 ventricles
What kind of blood does the right atrium receive
Oxygen-poor and Carbon Dioxide rich blood from the body
Which vessels drain into the right atrium
Superior Vena Cava
Inferior Vena Cava
Coronary sinus
What kind of blood does the left atrium receive
Oxygen-rich and carbon-dioxide-poor blood from the lungs
Which vessels drain into the left atrium
4 Pulmonary veins
Which side of the heart is the pulmonary circuit pump
The right side
Which side of the heart is the systemic circuit pump
The left side
Which AV valve prevents backflow into right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Which AV valve prevents backflow into left atrium
Bicuspid/Mitral Valve
Which semilunar valve prevents backflow into right ventricle
Pulmonary valve
Which semilunar valve prevents backflow into left ventricle
Aortic valve
How does the myocardium get its blood supply
Left and Right coronary arteries
What stage of the cardiac cycle are both atria and ventricles relaxed
Atrial Diastole
What stage of the cardiac cycle does atrial contraction occur in
Atrial Systole
What happens during isovolumetric contraction
AV valves close
Causes the first heart “lub” sound
What stage in the cardiac cycle do ventricles contract in
Stage 4, Ventricular systole
What stage in the cardiac cycle produces the second “dub” heart sound
Stage 5, Ventricular disastole/Isovolumetric relaxation
Cardiac Output formula
HR x SV = CO
Heart Rate x Stroke Volume = Cardiac Output
What does the intrinsic conduction system (ISC) do
Sets the rhythm of the heart, 75 bpm
Pacemaker of the ICS
SA node
Where is the AV node found
At the junction of the atria and ventricles
Where are the right and left bundle branches found
Within interventricular system
What component of the Intrinsic conduction system (ICS) is spread within the walls of the ventricles
Purkinje Fibers
