Week 3: blood supply of the CNS Flashcards
What does the ophthalmic artery supply? Where does it come from?
- structures in the orbit and gives off central artery of the retina
- first intracranial branch of the ICA
What does the anterior choroidal artery supply? Where does it arise from?
- supplies: internal structures of cerebral hemispheres, including lower 2/3 posterior limb of internal capsule, globes pallid us, uncut, amygdala, ant. hippocampus, and choroid plexus of the lateral ventricles
- from ICA at base of the brain
What does the posterior communication artery connect with? Where does it arise?
- connects with PCA
- arises medial to anterior choroidal artery from ICA
- has important relationship to CN III
What does the middle cerebral artery (MCA) supply? Where does it arise? How does a lacunar infarction occur?
Enters lateral sulcus
- lateral lenticulostirate: small vessels from MCA that supply basal ganglia and posterior limb of internal capsule
- cortical branches over insula that are distributed to cortex on dorsolateral surface: supplies dorsolateral surface including upper limb and face areas of primary motor and sensory cortex, Broca’s and Wernicke’s area
- lacunar infarction: lenticulostriate arteries prone to narrowing, leads to infarct or rupture, causing intracerebral hemorrhage
What is the course of the anterior cerebral artery? What does it supply?
- turns medially and enters longitudinal fissure between frontal lobes to medial surface
- recurrent branch of Heubner: vessel from initial part-forms medial lenticulostriate arteries–>supply ant part of basal ganglia and lower internal capsule
- cortical branches over medial surface: lower limb areas of primary motor and sensory cortex
Where does the posterior inferior cerebellar artery arise? What does it supply?
- arise from vertebral artery close to pontomedullary junction.
- supplies inferior cerebellar hemisphere, lateral medulla, inferior vermis, lateral medllula and choroid plexus of fourth ventricle
Where does the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) arise? what does it supply?
- arises close to junction of two vertebral arteries, on anterior part of inferior surface of the cerebellum
- supplies anterior part of cerebellar hemisphere and the inferior vermis. Also the anterolateral segment of lower pons: middle cerebellar peduncle, trigeminal tract and nuc., STT tract,
Where does the pontine arteries arise? What does it supply?
-from basilar artery that penetrates surface of pons to supply mid pons
where does the superior cerebellar artery (SCA) arise and what does it supply?
- last branch of basilar artery before it divides into PCA
- supplies superior surface of cerebellar hemispheres and the vermis
- supplies upper pons and parts of midbrain
Where does the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) arise and what does it supply?
- arises at pontomesencephalaic junction
- supplies inferior surface of temporal lobe
- gives rise to branches to midbrain, hypothalamus, and thalamus
- paramedian branches: supply oculomotor nut., parts of cerebral peduncle
- ->Weber’s syndrome from occlusion of PCA
Where is CN III found with respect to the vascular supply of the brain?
-betwen PCA and SCA
Where does the anterior spinal artery arise? What does it supply?
- verterbral artery gives rise to left and right anterior spinal arteries that combine to form a single median anterior spinal artery
- runs on ventral surface to supplies upper medial medulla and anterior 2/3 of spinal cord
- also gets help from branches from aorta called lateral spinal arteries–>ant and post radicular arteries
What is the artery of Adamkiewicz?
-spinal artery on left side from descending aorta from T5-L3 -largest segmental artery
Where does the posterior spinal artery arise? what does it supply?
- paired vessels from vertebral lartery below level of origin of anterior arteries
- supply dorsal part of spinal cord: dorsal columns and dorsal horns
