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Culturele psychologie > week 3 > Flashcards

week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Socialization

A

the proces by which we learn and internalize the rules and patterns of the society we live in.

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2
Q

Enculturation

A

The proces by which we learn and adapt the ways and manners of our specific culture

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3
Q

socialization agents

A

the people, institutions and organisations that help ensure that socialization and enculturation occur.

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4
Q

Enculturation and Socialization
Universal:

A

Humans want to be competent, productive adults and members of their group

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5
Q

Enculturation and Socialization
Culture-specific:

A

… what it means to be competent and productive.

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6
Q

Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory

A

microsystem
mesosystem
exosystem
macrosystem
chronosystem

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7
Q

Independence:

A

Pursuing own goals, uniqueness

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8
Q

Interdependence

A

(maintenance of) social harmony, respect towards elders, obedience

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9
Q

Autonomous related

A

mixture of interdependence and independence

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10
Q

Prototypic eco-social
contexts (Keller, 2007)
(independence, interdependence, autonomous-related)

A

Independence: urban middle-class in modern (post-) industrialized societies

Interdependence: rural farmers with no/low formal schooling

Autonomous-related: urban
middle-class in more traditionally
interdependent societies

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11
Q

Independent parenting
strategy (Keller, 2007) (4)

A
  • Face-to-face-contact and Object stimulation
  • Less body contact and body stimulation
  • Exclusivity of mother-child dyad
  • Baby as equal with individuality, own will and own preferences
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12
Q

Interdependent parenting strategy
(Keller, 2007) (4)

A
  • More body contact and body stimulation
  • Less face-to-face-contact and object stimulation
  • Tight social network
  • Child as apprentice
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13
Q

General Parenting Styles (Baumrind) (4)

A

AUTHORITARIAN PARENTING
Expects unquestioned obedience and views the child as needing to be controlled
(high control/low warmth)

PERMISSIVE PARENTING
Allows children to regulate own lives with few firm guidelines
(low control/high warmth)

AUTHORIATIVE PARENTING
Promotes a firm, fair, reasonable and affectionate parenting style (high control/high warmth)

UNINVOLVED/NEGLECTFUL PARENTING
Does not respond appropriately to children and is indifferent
(low control/low warmth)

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14
Q

Developmental niche

A

the broader macrosystem structures the child’s immediate microsystems;
it includes: physical & social setting, child care, psychology of caregivers

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15
Q

temperament

A

Biologically based style of interacting and responding to the environment that
exists from birth

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16
Q

temperament: easy

A

Adaptable, mild, regular, positive, responsive

17
Q

Temperament: slow-to-warm-up

A

Infant needs time to make transitions

18
Q

temperament: difficult

A

intens, irregular, withdrawing, negative

19
Q

Goodness of fit

A

Degree to which a child’s temperament matches the expectations and values of the parent, environment, and culture

Mismatch - Negative child outcomes
Good match - Better child outcomes

20
Q

Attachment

A

Special bond that develops between the infant and the primary caregiver
Provides the infant with emotional security
Quality of attachment has lifelong effects on the relationships with loved ones

21
Q

Bowlby’s evolutionary theory

A

Infants have a preprogrammed, biological basis for becoming attached to their caregivers
Attachment relationship between caregiver and child is a survival strategy

22
Q

Bowlby and Ainsworth’s
Tripartite Classification
Three categories:

A

Secure
Ambivalent
Avoidant
Instrument: Strange Situation Test

23
Q

Piaget’s Stage Model:

A

Sensorimotor > Pre-operational > Operational > Postoperational

24
Q

Stage Models and Culture: Kohlberg

A
  • Preconventional
  • Conventional
  • Postconventional
25
Q

Postfigurative culture

A

change is slow and socialization occurs primarily by elders transferring
their knowledge to children

26
Q

Cofigurative culture

A

change occurs more rapidly, adults continue to socialize to their children, but peers play a greater role in socializing with each other

27
Q

Prefigurative cultures

A

rapidly, young people may be the ones teaching the adults

28
Q

Modernization theory

A

intergenerational dependencies should decrease and separation within family should increase socio-economic development, pointing to a convergence toward the
Western nucleated independent family

Culturele psychologie (12 decks)

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