week 11 Flashcards
conformity
yielding (zich overgeven) to real or imagined social pressure
Compliance
Yielding (zich overgeven) to social pressure in one’s public behavior, even thougf one’s private beliefs may not have changed.
Obedience
A form of compliance that occurs when people follow direct commands, usually from someone of authority.
Asch experiment on conformity
met die twee lijnen. de groep gaat zeggen dat de ene lijn hetzelfde is als de andere lijn (terwijl dat duidelijk niet zo is), uiteindelijk gingen 36,8 procent van de participanten mee in dat foute antwoord
–>
Higher conformity
* larger majority
* greater proportion of female participants
* ingroup majority
* higher in collectivistic countries
Milgram experiment on obedience
- Cover story: study the effects of
punishment on learning - Teacher (T- the research participant)
shocks another person (L-learner)
(actually a confederate) if wrong or no
response. Experimenter (E) in the lab. - “Slight Shock” to “DANGER: Severe
Shock,” - 65% of the participants administered
the most severe levels of shock
–>
Obedience from 16% in Australia to 92% in the Netherlands
* Might be cultural differences
but also other differences in design
Cooperation
People’s ability to work together toward common goals
* Based on unique cognitive abilities
Social-mindedness
small acts of interpersonal kindness such as stepping aside on a sidewalk
Person perception
the process of forming impressions of others
infrahumanization
=belief that others lack human qualities.
attributions
=beliefs about the underlying causes of behavior
Internal attributions
attributions that specify the cause of behavior within a person;
dispositional attributions
External attributions
=locate the cause of behavior outside a person (other people, nature, God);
situational attributions
Fundamental attribution error
The tendency people have to overemphasize personal
characteristics and ignore situational factors in judging others’ behavior (universal, correspondence bias)
Self-serving bias
=people tend to attribute good deeds and successes to their own internal
attributes, but attribute bad deeds to external factors (universal)
Individualism/collectivism cannot account for cultural differences in self-serving bias, but religious backgrounds and dialectal thinking may be more important variables in explaining
cultural differences
Mate poaching
attracting someone who is already in a relationship