week 2: types of organizations Flashcards
organization
2 people or more that work together toward a common goal
to organize
the fact of dividing the work in manageable components and assign activities for achieving the desired results more effectively
efficiency
doing things to achieve our goals
efficacy
using our resources wisely in a way that we can work towards out goals
effectiveness
actually achieving our goals
characteristics of organizations
- organizational structure
- size
- funding
- clients
characteristics of organizations: organizatoinal structure
- how decisions are being made
- this means by which information flows efficiently from the people and departments that create it to those who are required to act on it
- three different organizational structures
- organizational formation
Organizational complexity
(kitchen table model, informal)
1. horizontal
2. vertical
3. spatial
horizontal
a lot of people at the same decision making stage
vertical
- a lot of hierarchies in the organization, different people at different levels who can make decisions
- you need the next level of agreement
spatial
- geographically spread out
- ie. companies that have offices all around the world
organizational formalization
- rules have to be followed in a certain order
- extant to which policies, rules etc are required
organizational centralization
- hierarchical level of decision making
- centralized organizations, one department or person or group who has the final say
size of organizations
- number of members (often helpful when referring to community sport )
- number of employees (used by government of Canada (most “official way” to categorize by size
- budget size (can be helpful when comparing competing organizations depending on the context)
Government of Canada employee sizes
under 100 = small
larger organizations is categorized as over 500 employees
funding
- public, member, sales (memberships fees, ticket sales, public funding
clients
- youth, adults
- the primary consumers of the products/services offered
amateur
those playing the sport are not getting paid
- typically means organizations on the smaller side, in terms of budget, but will have more members or people playing the sport
professional
- those playing the sport are paid
- less members, larger budget
- regional vs provincial vs national vs international
regional
- local
- members are people playing basketball
- lots of members
provincial
- larger geographically area
- our provinces
national
- sport for entire country
- members are provincial organizations
international
- members are national
three types of organizations
- public
- non-profit
- for-profit
4 different design types
- functional
- divisional
- matrix
- network
functional design type
when we have an organization divided based on the activities they are doing. Ie. All the finance people work together, the marketing people work together, etc. often what we see for high performance organizations
divisional design types
- work is divided by outputs
- have divisions for each team, within those teams you have divisions for the individual groups (ie. marketing)
matrix design type
lots of areas of specialization
network design types
- small organization manages something (like events) and they outsource for lots of other activities
- ie. olympics hiring more police
power in organizations
- legitimate power
- reward power
- coercive power
4 referent power - expert power
legitimate power
position within the organization
reward power
ability to distribute formal or informal rewards
coercive power
ability to punish
referent power
charisma
expert power
knowledge
