week 2 Integumentary Flashcards
two main structures of integumentary system
Cutaneous membrane(skin) and accessory structures(hair and glands)
Functions of skin
protection of underlying tissues, maintenance of body temperature, detection of touch
Effective diffusion distance
1mm
Keratinocytes
contain large amounts of keratin which are tough fibrous protein
fibrous protein
tough and durable, strength from twist and insoluble
globular protein
compact and soluble
thin skin
covers most of the body
has four layers of keratinocytes
thick skin
covers the palms of the hands and soles of the feet
has five layers of keratinocytes
5 structures in epidermis
basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum and corneum
Lucidum is not in
thin skin
epidermal ridges
fingerprints
merkel cells
found in hairless skin
melanocytes
contains pigment melanin
keratin
a tough, fibrous protein
keratinization
formation of a layer of dead, protective cells filled with keratin
insensible perspiration
interstitial fluid (fluid between cells) lost by evaporation through the stratum corneum
sensible perspiration
water excreted by sweat glands
skin color is influenced by
carotene and melanin and blood circulation
carotene
orange-yellow pigment can be converted to vitamin a
Melanin
yellow/red (pheomelanin) pigment and brown/black (Eumelanin) pigment
Ultraviolet radiation has effects on the structure of
DNA
Epidermal cells produce
vitamin D3