Week #2 Flashcards
Humans and monkeys share a common _______?
Ancestor
What are some misconceptions of evolution?
Evolution is “just” a theory, Individuals evolve, Evolution explains the origin of life, Organisms evolved on purpose
What is evolution?
Process of change in a population of species over time
What are the two types of evolution?
Macroevolution and Microevolution
What is Macroevolution?
rise of new species (from old) and higher taxonomic groups with widely divergent characters (speciation)
What is Microevolution?
Change within a population ; Changes in heritable characteristics / allele / gene frequency over time; Can be observed over short periods of time
What are mechanisms of evolution?
Forces that change the genetic structure of a population
What are the 6 mechanisms of evolution?
Mutation; Natural selection; Gene flow (migration); Genetic drift (random); Recombination; Non-Random Mating; (“MaNaGGeRR”)
What is a mutation?
A rare change in DNA; Ultimate source or new alleles and genetic variation
T/F - All mutations are bad?
False
What is natural selection?
Differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype / traits
Natural Selection acts on the ____?
Individual
Evolution acts on the ____?
Population
T/F - Natural selection and artificial selection are the same?
False
What is genetic variation?
Raw material for selection