WEEK 17 LEARNING OBJECTIVES/TERMS

Question 1

Explain drive states?

Answer 1

Affective experiences that motivate organisms to fulfill goals that are generally beneficial to their survival and reproduction.
- They generate behaviors that result in specific benefits for the body.
- Hunger is an example of drive state.

Question 2

Explain key properties of drive state?
Hint there is two components.

Answer 2

1) Drive state differs from other affective or emotional states in terms of the biological functions they accomplish.
2) Different drive states have different triggers. Most drive states respond to external or internal cues.

Question 3

Explain homeostasis?

Answer 3

The tendency of an organism to maintain a stable state across all different physiological systems in the body.

Question 4

What are the biological goals accomplished by drive states?

Answer 4

• Maintain homeostasis.
• Satisfy needs.

Question 5

Provide some examples of drive states?

Answer 5

Hunger because it directs the individuals to eat food that increase blood sugar levels in the body.
- Sexual arousal.
- Drive to learn.

Question 6

Provide Neurological basis of drive states for hunger?

Answer 6

• Triggered by low glucose levels in the blood.
• Behaviors resulting from hunger aim to restore homeostasis regarding the glucose levels.
• External cues include the time of day, estimated time until the next feeding, sight, smell, taste, and even touch of food.
• Hypothalamus plays a vital role in hunger.

Question 7

Explain satiation and ventromedial hypothalamus?

Answer 7

Satiation is the state of being fully satisfied and no longer desiring to take on more and the ventromedial hypothalamus plays an important role in satiation.

Question 8

Provide basis of drive states for sexual arousal?

Answer 8

• Generated by a large range of internal and external mechanisms that are triggered either after the extended absence of sexual activity or by the immediate presence or possibility of sexual activity.

Question 9

Men’s Neurological sexual arousal explained?

Answer 9

• Preoptic area: A region in the anterior hypothalamus involved in generating and regulating male sexual behavior.
• Areas of the brain that are important for male sexuality overlap to a great extent with areas that are also associated with aggression.

Question 10

Womens neurological sexual arousal?

Answer 10

1) Ventromedial hypothalamus
2) Areas important for female sexuality overlap extensively with those that are also connected to nurturance.

Question 11

Which region of the brain plays an important role for sexual pleasure for men and women?

Answer 11

One region of the brain that seems to play an important role in sexual pleasure for both males and females is the septal nucleus, an area that receives reciprocal connections from many other regions of the brain, including hypothalamus and the amygdala.

Question 12

What is associated with personal higher well-being?

Answer 12

People who experience more positive emotions and less frequent negative emotions.

Question 13

Identify the four aspects of emotional experience beyond positivity and negativity that affect the link between emotional experience and well-being.

Answer 13

1) Experiencing very high levels of positive emotions may be harmful.
2) Experiencing very high levels or positive emotions make individuals more likely to engage in risky behaviors, such as binge eating and drug use.
3) Intense positive emotion is associated with mania.
4) More positive emotion is linked with increased well-being.