Week 16: Paediatric Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards
1
Q
What are the development stages of children?
A
- newborn
- infant
- toddler
- pre-school
- school-age
2
Q
How are infants airways different from adults?
A
- narrow nostrils
- newborns nose breathe
- occiput rounded
- tongue is large for mouth
- epiglottis is omega shaped and floppy
- larynx in neck is higher
- vocal cords slant anteriorly
- neck is short
- cricoid ring, narrowest diameter
3
Q
Define obligate nasal breathing
A
Describes the psychological instinct to breathe through the nose.
4
Q
What are the functions of the nose?
A
- filtering and humidification
- nitric oxide production
- preserving scent detection
5
Q
What are the differences between a Childs skin from adults skin?
A
- faster rate of water loss
- less NMFs
- less melanin pigments
- smaller corneocytes
- thinner stratum corneum
- thinner epidermis
6
Q
In what other ways are children different from adults?
A
- immature blood brain barrier
- immature immune system
- greater risk of infection
- higher resp rate
- higher heart rate
7
Q
What is the aim of immunisations?
A
- protect us from serious disease
- prevent spread of disease to others
- eradicate other infectious diseases
8
Q
What is stridor breathing?
A
A type of high pitched wheezing that is caused by an upper airway obstruction
