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AHP 101 Applied Human Sciences in Paramedic Science > Week 1: Organisation & Control > Flashcards

Week 1: Organisation & Control Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the levels of structural complexity?

A

Cells- tissues- organs- systems

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2
Q

What are the two types of cell

A

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes

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3
Q

Which type of cell has membrane enclosed organelles?

A

Eukaryotes

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4
Q

Which type of cell has no nucleus?

A

Prokaryotes

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5
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

Controls cell and contains DNA
(also enables cells to do specialised functions for growth/repair)

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6
Q

What is the function of the lysosomes?

A

-Destroy bacteria and other foreign materials as they contain powerful enzymes capable of digesting major components of cells

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7
Q

What if the function of the ribosomes?

A

-Responsible for assembling proteins of the cell

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8
Q

What if the function of the mitochondria?

A

Supplies ATP (powerhouse of the cell).

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9
Q

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Rough is studded with proteins where they are dispatched to other areas of the cell in transport vesicles

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10
Q

What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum ?

A

Smooth is connected with lipid membrane metabolism and detoxification of drugs

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11
Q

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus

A

To package proteins and also responsible for producing lysosomes

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12
Q

What is the definition of osmosis?

A

The passive movement of free water molecules from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration, across a semi permeable membrane

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13
Q

What is the definition of diffusion?

A

The passive movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to a low concentration, down a concentration gradient

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14
Q

What is the definition of active transport?

A

The active movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration (against a concentration gradient) requiring ATP

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15
Q

What is the definition of facilitated diffusion?

A

The passive movement from a high concentration to a low concentration using proteins such as channel and carrier proteins to help molecules move across a membrane

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16
Q

What if the definition of filtration?

A

The movement of eater and a dissolved substance from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

17
Q

What are body tissues made up of?

A

Body tissues are a combination of specialised cells and intracellular material

18
Q

Where does epithelial tissue cover?

A

Epithelial tissue covers and lines both inside and outside the body

19
Q

What are the four types of tissues?

A

Epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous

20
Q

What are the different types of epithelial tissue?

A

Squamous, cuboidal, columnar, stratified

21
Q

What are the three different types of membranes?

A

Mucous, serous, synovial

22
Q

Where does a mucous membrane line?

A

Body cavities opening directly to exterior

23
Q

What does mucous membrane do?

A
  • traps particles in respiratory system
  • lubricates passage for food
  • secrets enzymes for digestion
24
Q

Where does a serous membrane line?

A

Cavities that do not open to the exterior

e.g. heart, abdominal, lungs

25
Q

What do serous membranes do?

A

Secretes serious fluid allowing organs to glide against one another or walls

26
Q

Where do synovial membranes line?

A

Cavities of freely movable joints, and cavities that do not open to exterior

27
Q

What do synovial membranes do?

A

-secretes synovial fluid which lubricates the ends of bones during movement
- nourishes the cartilage covering the bones at joints

28
Q

What are the two types of connective tissue?

A

Blood and bone

29
Q

How does nervous tissue function?

A

Receive stimuli from both inside and outside the body and relay it to the brain and transmitting impulses from the brain to other tissues of the body

30
Q

Where can nervous tissue be found?

A

Brain, spinal cord and nerves

31
Q

What is an organ?

A

A structure of several different types of tissues arranged together to perform a specialised function

32
Q

What is an organ system?

A

A group of organs which work together to carry out a specialised function e.g. circulatory

33
Q

Define homeostasis

A

Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment, regulated by feedback mechanisms, despite external changes

34
Q

What is the function of the endocrine system?

A

Regulates body functions using hormones

AHP 101 Applied Human Sciences in Paramedic Science (12 decks)

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