Week 11

Question 1

Stereotypes

Answer 1

• Beliefs that certain attributes are characteristic of members of a particular group

Question 2

Prejudice

Answer 2

• attitude or affective response toward a group and its members

Question 3

Discrimination

Answer 3

• favorable/unfavourable treatment of individuals based on their group membership

Question 4

Contemporary prejudice

Answer 4

• traditional: prejudice against a racial group that is explicitly acknowledged and expressed but the individual
• modern: directed at groups that exist simultaneously to rejection of explicit beliefs

Question 5

Gaertner & Dovidio (1977) description

Answer 5

White participants were told they would be interacting with
•1 person or a group (all confederates)
•All were seated in individual rooms and spoke through an intercom system
•Suddenly, one of the confederates indicated he was having a medical emergency; the confederate was either
•White or Black

Question 6

Gaertner and Dovidio (1977) results

Answer 6

How many participants left their cubicles to go help?
•1 person: Most helped, whether Black or White
•Group: Most help the White victim (75%), but not the Black victim (38%)

Question 7

Explaination of Gaertner & Dovidio (1977)

Answer 7

1 person: If you do not help, you are clearly racist
•Group: You can refuse to help, because there are others who will

Question 8

Ambivalent sexism/racism

Answer 8

• theoretical framework suggested that there are 2 components:
• hostile
• benevolent
• both, esp in sexism may coexist (Glick and Fiske)

Question 9

How to measure predjudice

Answer 9

• Implcit association test
• priming - mental activation of associated concepts
• affect miss-attribution procedure - how people evaluate a stimulus after a prime

Question 10

Realistic group conflict theory

Answer 10

• when groups compete for limited resources (e.g., territory, jobs, power), these groups experience conflict, prejudice, and discrimination
• prejudice and discrimination shoudl be strongest among groups that stand to lose the most if another succeeds
• predicts that groups become ethnocentric - one group is vilified, own group is glorified

Question 11

Robbers Cave experiment

Answer 11

Sherif et al. (1961)
•Phase 1: Groups independently engaged in activities designed to foster unity (Eg. prepare meals, pitch tents)
•Phase 2: Five-day tournament; winners got medals and pocket knives.
→ conflict
•Phase 3: Researchers attempted to “reverse” prejudice + reduce conflict