Week 107 Hypovolaemia Flashcards

1
Q

How much of the human body is water?

A

2/3

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2
Q

How many L of water are in intracellular compartments (fictional 70kg man)?

A

30

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3
Q

How many L of water are in extracellular compartments (fictional 70kg man)?

A

12

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4
Q

What does interstitial fluid do?

A

Bathes the cells and occupies spaces like the pleural cavity, and joint capsules.

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5
Q

What is the approximate intravascular volume?

A

Approx 5l.

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6
Q

How much sodium do you need per day on average?

A

100 mmols/day or 1-2 mmols/kg/day

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7
Q

How much potassium do you need per day on average?

A

30-60 mmols/day or 0.5-1mmol/kg/day

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8
Q

What are crystalloid solutions?

A

These solutions contain low molecular weight salts or sugars which dissolve completely in water and pass freely between the intravascular and interstitial compartments.

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9
Q

Colloid fluids are great for what?

A

Replacing intravascular fluid. They contain larger molecular weight substances that do not dissolve completely - they remain in circulation for much longer than crystalloid.

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10
Q

Blood products are ____ to the composition of ____ and so will remain in the ______ _______.

A

Similar to the composition of blood.

They will therefore remain in the intravascular compartment.

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11
Q

What are the functions of blood?

A

Transportation
regulation
protection

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12
Q

What is serum?

A

Plasma minus clotting proteins

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13
Q

Fibrinogen aids what?

A

Clotting

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14
Q

What are the characteristics of red blood cells?

A

Biconcave disk shaped cells
No nuclei or internal organelles
8um diameter
Contain 280 million haemoglobin molecules

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15
Q

What is serum albumin?

A

The main protein component of plasma. Carrier for small, insoluble molecules.
Consists mainly of alpha helices.

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16
Q

Name two types of lymphocyte.

A

B cells and T cells.

17
Q

What are the three stages of antibody binding?

A

Neutralisation
Agglutination
Precipitation