WBC Disorders: Pathoma Flashcards
All WBC’s involve a maturation from what progenitor cell
CD34 hematopoietic stem cell
Two stem cells the CD34 hematopoietic stem cell can become?
- Myeloid stem cell
2. Lymphoid stem cell
Myeloid stem cell will form what four blast cells
- Erythroblast
- Myeloblast
- Monoblast
- Megakaryoblast
Erythroblast forms what
RBC’s
Myeloblast forms what?
- Neutrophils
- Basophils
- Eosinophils
Monoblasts form what
Monocytes
Megakaryoblasts form what?
Megakaryocytes
Lymphoid stem cells will form what two types of blasts?
B lymphoblast
T lymphoblast
B and T lymphoblasts will form what?
Naive B and T cells
Naive B cells form what?
Plasma cells
Naive T cells form what?
CD8 and CD4 T cells
Cells mature where?
Bone marrow
WBC normal count is what
5 to 10 thousand
What is a low WBC count? What is it called?
Less than 5
Leukopenia
What is a high WBC count? what is it called?
Leukocytosis
A low or high WBC count is usually due to what?
Decrease or increase in one particular cell lineage
Two types of leukopenia
Neutropenia
Lymphopenia
Neutropenia causes? (2)
- Drug toxicity
2. Severe infection
Drug toxicity has what effect on neutrophils?
Destroys their stem cells
Severe infection causes neutropenia why?
Neutrophils move into tissues and are no longer counted in blood
Treatment for neutropenia?
GM-CSF or G-CSF to boost granulocyte production
Lymphopenia causes? 4
- Immunodeficiency
- high cortisol state
- Autoimmune destruction
- Whole body radiation
Examples of immunodeficiency causing lymphopenia (2)
- DiGeorge
2. HIV
High cortisol state is caused by what? (2)
- Cushing syndrome
2. Exogenous corticosteroids
Example of autoimmune destruction
SLE
Whole body radiation is special in regards to lymphopenia why?
Lymphopenia is earliest change after whole body radiation
5 types of leukocytosis
- Neutrophilic leukocytosis
- Monocytosis
- Eosinophilia
- Basophilia
- Lymphocytic leukocytosis
3 causes of neutrophilic leukocytosis
- Bacterial infection
- Tissue necrosis
- High cortisol state