Teratogens Flashcards

1
Q

Most commonly used teratogen

A

Ethanol

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2
Q

Ethanol side effects? 3

A
  1. Mental retardation
  2. ASD
  3. Head and face abnormalities
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3
Q

Thalidomide effects? 2

A
Shortened limbs (phocomelia) (Tha-limb-domide)
Represses WNT pathway
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4
Q

Phenytoin (Dilantin) effects? 4

A
  1. Digit hypoplasia
  2. Cleft lip/palate
  3. Microcephaly
  4. Fetal Hydantoin syndrome
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5
Q

Methotrexate (folic acid antagonist) 4

A
  1. Neural tube defects
  2. Clefts
  3. GU defect
  4. CV defect
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6
Q

Androgens effect? 3

A
  1. Low birth weight
  2. Males have longer fourth fingers
  3. Females have longer second finger
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7
Q

Warfarin/Coumadin effect? 3

A
  1. Hypoplastic nose
  2. Stippled epiphyses
  3. Eye problems
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8
Q

Accute/Isotetinoin 3

A
  1. Face
  2. CNS
  3. CV
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9
Q

ACE inhibitors

A

Renal defects

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10
Q

Cocaine 4

A
  1. Premature delivery
  2. Placental abruption
  3. ADD
  4. Fetal addiction to cocaine
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11
Q

DES 3

A
  1. Vaginal adenosis
  2. Vagina clear cell adenocarcinoma
  3. Mullerian anomalies
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12
Q

Iodine absence 2

A
  1. Congenital goiter

2. Hypothyroidism

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13
Q

Maternal diabetes 3

A
  1. Fetal hyperinsulinemia
  2. Hypertrophy of pancreatic islets
  3. Fat
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