Water soluble vitamins Flashcards
What is the purpose of vitamins?
maintain health an homeostasis for growth and reproduction
How are vitamins obtained?
in the diet through consumption of natural and fortified foods and supplements
What may be required for vitamin transport?
carrier protein
Which vitamins may be absorbed requiring conversion to active form?
provitamins
- Some vitamins are absorbed as an inactive pro vitamin or vitamin precursor and must be converted into active forms
What can inhibit absorption of fat soluble vitamins?
Low fat diet
Interaction with what may effect vitamin absorption?
Other dietary components
What are the water soluble vitamins?
B vitamins
Thiamin (b1)
Riboflavin (b2)
Niacin (b3)
Biotin
Pantothenic acid
Vitamin b6
Folate
Vitamin b 12
Vitamin C
What are the fat soluble vitamins?
Vitamin A, D, E and K
What are fortified foods?
Fortified Foods have nutrients added that are not normally found in that food (eg vitamin D in milk)
What are enriched foods?
Enriched foods have nutrients added back that have been removed during processing (enriched white flour)
Supplements can contain a combination of what?
vitamins, minerals, herbs, amino acids, botanical extracts
Why should caution be taken when taking supplements?
regulation is not a stringent as for pharmaceuticals
Dietary supplements cannot replace foods consumed in the diet. T or F
t
When can toxicity occur with dietary supplements?
if consumption goes beyond established UL
What is the purpose of Health Canada’s Natural Health and Non Prescription Products Directorate?
regulate the use of natural health products and non prescription drugs
What products will have an eight digit Natural Product Number (NPN) or Homeopathic Medicine Number (DIN-HM) on them?
Licensed products that have been reviewed and approved for use by Health Canada
Licensed products that have been reviewed and approved for use by Health Canada; this license ensures what?
that any claims are supported by scientific evidence and it is produced using good manufacturing practice (GMP)
Health claims are usually related to what?
dietary deficiency, not over consumption
Approximately 40-90% of vitamins are absorbed where?
in the small intestine
Fat soluble vitamins require what for absorption?
dietary lipids
Water soluble vitamins may require what for absorption?
transport molecules or specific molecules in the GI tract
Are fat soluble or water soluble more likely to be present at toxic levels?
Fat soluble
Why are water soluble vitamins less likely to be present at toxic levels?
Their solubility in the blood allows them to be filtered out and excreted by the kidney when ingested in excess
Are fat soluble or water soluble less stable and allow tissue depletion more readily?
Water soluble
Most water soluble vitamins are converted to co enzymes that function in:
- Energy generation
- Hematopoiesis (blood cell formation)
When do deficiencies first appear in water soluble vitamins?
in rapidly growing tissues
