Water contamination and Purification Flashcards
what is the standard water purification process
buble air, add alluminum/iron salts, add phosphate, add chlorine.
Purpose of bubbling air
oxidizies contaminants, making them insoluble.
purpose of adding alluminum/iron salts
react with and remove colloids
react with and remove colloids
purpose of adding alluminum/iron salts
oxidizies contaminants, making them insoluble.
Purpose of bubbling air
why we add phosphate to water
reacts with calcium, ends up lowing water hardness
reacts with calcium, ends up lowing water hardness
why we add phosphate to water
purpose of chlorination
to kill bacteria
activated carbon
a special kind of charcoal, filled with holes that trap collids and organic chemicals, can be cleaned off by heating it.
a special kind of charcoal, filled with holes that trap collids and organic chemicals, can be cleaned off by heating it.
activated carbon
sand filtration
passing water over sand, the simplest form of filtration, only removes large stuff
passing water over sand, the simplest form of filtration, only removes large stuff
sand filtration
Ultrafiltration
Uses filters small enough to remove viruses
Uses filters small enough to remove viruses
Ultrafiltration
Nanofiltration
uses filters so mall it removes metals such as calcium and magnesium
uses filters so mall it removes metals such as calcium and magnesium
Nanofiltration
reverse osmosis
reversing osmosis (Which normaly goes towards particles) by pressurizing the water, creating lots of extremely pure water, and a small amount of realy thickly contaminated water, expensive, but effective
Ozone dissenfection
ozone, made on site, is bubbled through the water, killing bacteria quickly
ozone, made on site, is bubbled through the water, killing bacteria quickly
Ozone dissenfection
disssadvantages of ozone dissenfection
may produce toxic brominated compounds, doesn’t prevent new bacteria from growind
may produce toxic brominated compounds, doesn’t prevent new bacteria from growind
disssadvantages of ozone dissenfection
UV dissenfection
bombarding water with high energy rays to kill backeria