Water and Atoms Flashcards
What is an atom?
It is the smallest unit of an element that is still identifiable as that element.
What characteristic of an atom makes it an ion?
An ion is an atom that carries a charge either positive or negative.
What is a molecule?
A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds
What is a molecule of water made up of?
2 hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. H2O
What is the word used to describe water loving substances? What is the word used to describe water hating substances?
Hydrophilic & Hydrophobic.
What will happen if hydrophilic molecules are mixed in water?
They dissolve.
What will happen if hydrophobic molecules are mixed in water?
They will clump together and in no way bond with or dissolve in water.
What is the major hydrophobic substance in the body?
Fat or lipid.
If a substance is hydrophilic how would its reaction to lipid be described?
Lipophobic.
If a substance is lipophilic how would its reaction to water be described?
Hydrophobic.
What are the 7 salts that are found in the body?
Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K-), Chloride (Cl-), Calcium(Ca+), Bicarbonate (HCO3-), Magnesium (Mg+) and Phosphorous (P).
What is the term used in medicine to describe salts dissolved in the body’s water?
Electrolytes.
What are the 3 kinds of mixtures?
Solution, colloid and suspension.
Define homeostasis.
The state of steady internal, physical, and chemical conditions maintained by living systems.
What are 2 examples of variables in the body that have to be kept within pre-set ranges in order to maintain homeostasis?
body temperature, fluid balance, pH of extracellular fluid, electrolyte levels (sodium, potassium & chloride) , calcium levels & blood sugar levels.
