Water

Question 1

Matter - give ex

Answer 1

• Matter is anything that takes up space
• Example: desk, chair
• Not an example: sunlight

Question 1

Mass

Answer 1

the atoms that make up something

Question 2

Atomic mass

Answer 2

• Found in the nucleus
• Subatomic particles that it includes are protons and neutrons

Question 3

Atomic number

Answer 3

number of the protons in the nucleus

Question 4

Element

Answer 4

is a pure substance made of one type of atom

Question 5

Atoms

Answer 5

nucleus makes up the atom’s mass. all matter in the universe is composed of atoms

Question 6

Proton

Answer 6

• Positive charge
• In the nucleus
• 1 amu
• Determines the property of an element

Question 7

Neutron

Answer 7

• Neutral/zero/neither charge
• in the nucleus
• 1 amu
• holds the nucleus together

Question 8

Electron

Answer 8

• Negative charge
• surrounds the nucleus
• 0 amu
• responsible for chemical reactions

Question 9

Nucleus of an atom - particles

Answer 9

protons and neutrons

Question 10

energy level - what travels around the energy levels?

Answer 10

electrons

Question 11

shell rule: how many electrons in each level?

Answer 11

2 in the 1st one up, to 8 in every other one / 2,8,8

Question 12

How do you figure out the # of neutrons in the nucleus?

from the what?

Answer 12

subtract the number of protons from the mass.

Question 13

How do you figure out the # of electrons?

Answer 13

the number of protons

Question 14

Compound - give ex

Answer 14

2 or more bounded elements. Example: h2o

Question 15

Chemical bonds

think of what an electron does

Answer 15

Share or transfer of an electron, causing a chemical reaction

Question 16

Ionic bond

has to do with chemical reactions

Answer 16

when 2 atoms share 1 or more electrons between them.

Question 17

Molecule

mention what type of bond

Answer 17

Groups of 2 or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.

Question 18

What is the chemical formula for water?

Answer 18

h20

Question 19

What type of bonds hold a single water molecule together?

Answer 19

Covalent bonds

Question 20

What type of bonds hold multiple water molecules together?

Answer 20

hydrogen bonds

Question 21

Describe why water is considered a polar molecule

yes electrons, but what about them?

Answer 21

uneven sharing of electrons

Question 22

What charge does the oxygen atom have in a water molecule?

Answer 22

negative

Question 23

What charge does a hydrogen atom have in a water molecule?

Answer 23

positive

Question 24

Why is water considered a universal solvent?

Answer 24

because it dissolves most other substances

Question 25

What is cohesion?

Answer 25

two like-substances sticking together. Ex: water to water, oil to oil

Question 26

What is adhesion?

Answer 26

two different substances sticking together ex: water to glass

Question 27

How does capillary action happen?

has to do w water

Answer 27

The pull of water up a narrow, thin tube, against gravity due to cohesion and adhesion

Question 28

Where do you see capillary action in real life? - give ex

Answer 28

• Water flowing up the xylem, from the roots to the leaves of the plant
• Plants use capillary action to bring water up the roots and stems to the rest of the plant.
• Because water molecules like to stick together (cohesion) and like to stick to the walls of the tubes of cellulose (adhesion),
• they rise up the tubes all the way from the roots to the leaves.
• Water then evaporates from the leaves, helping to draw up more water from the roots. This process is called capillary action.
• other ex: celery

Question 29

What does it mean if a molecule is nonpolar? Examples

remember oxygen

Answer 29

• even pull on electrons
• wax and oil

Question 30

Why is soap necessary?

Answer 30

Soap has polar and nonpolar ends, the water sticks to the polar ends, and oil/gunk sticks to the nonpolar ends.