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Biology CPE5 > Biochem - CHONPS > Flashcards

Biochem - CHONPS Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the monomer for a carbohydrate?

A

monosaccharide

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2
Q

What is the chemical formula for a monosaccharide and disaccharide?

A

C12,H22,O11

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3
Q

What is the carbohydrate that is in usable form in our body?

A

gluclose

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4
Q

What elements are in carbohydrates?

A

carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (CHO)

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5
Q

True or false: All monosaccharides are isomers (same chemical formula, different structure) of one another

A

True

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6
Q

Compare saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (bonds, appearance, if they are good or bad for you, where they are mostly found, which is from plants or animals, etc.)

A

Unsaturated:
- Kinked
- Healthy
- Mainly from plants
- 1+ bond

Saturated:
- Bad
- Straight
- Single bonds
- Mainly from plants

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7
Q

What makes up a triglyceride?

A

glycerol and 3 fatty acids

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8
Q

What does a phospholipid make up in a cell?

A

cell membrane

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9
Q

What are the parts of a phospholipid?

A

2 fatty acids and a glycerol

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10
Q

Monomer for protein?

A

amino acids

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11
Q

What are the roles of proteins in our body?

include 5 things!!! what is it not considered?

A
  • Builds body and cell structures: HAIR, SKIN, NAILS, MUSCLE, ORGANS
  • Helps with immunity: ANTIBODIES
  • Speeds up chemical reactions: ENZYMES (ex. Lipase breaks down lipids).
  • Transfers O2 to cells: HEMOGLOBIN on red blood cells
  • NOT considered an energy source.
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12
Q

What elements are found in proteins?

A

CHON

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13
Q

What are enzymes? Be able to identify it

A

Proteins that act as catalysts to speed up reactions inside cells
- Ex: lactase, amylase

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14
Q

What are the two nucleic acids?

A

DNA and RNA

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15
Q

What is the monomer for nucleic acids?

A

nucleotide

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16
Q

List some steroids

A

Testosterone, cholesterol

17
Q

What element do proteins have that you would not find in carbohydrates or lipids?

A

nitrogen

18
Q

What type of bond holds two amino acids together, forming a dipeptide?

A

Peptide bond

19
Q

What are the parts of a phospholipid?

a phospholipid is not a polysaccharide

A

A head and two fatty acid tails

20
Q

name some other types of lipids

remember steroids and their connection to lipids

A

triglycerides, phospholipids, hormones, and cholesterol

21
Q

Dehydration synthesis

A

combining molecules by removing water

22
Q

Hydrolysis

A

breaking down complex molecules into smaller molecules with water

23
Q

What are organic compounds? Inorganic compounds?

4 in organic, 3 in inorganic

A

Organic: sugars, fats, oils, and amino acids.
Inorganic: salt, water, metals

24
Q
A

Biology CPE5 (9 decks)

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