Watch Keeping Flashcards
When can an OOW stand Sole lookout
-Once the master has determined that with out doubt it is safe to do so.
- During clear daylight hours
- Account for the following factors
i. Weather
ii. Vis
iii. Traffic
Iv. Proximity to Nav hazards
V. Attention necessary when navigating in or near TSS
Vi. LAyout of the bridge
Vii. Arcs of vis
Viii. Radar equipment limitations
Ix. OOW workload, GMDSS, Logs and record keeping, Routine testing of bridge equip
X. Assistance must be immediately available.
What is the primary responsibility of the lookout?
To Report any hazards that may impair the safe navigation of the vessel. He is obliged to give his full undivided attention to the this dusty and should report the following to the OOW.
All ships regardless of size
Any light and navigational marks
Any floating objects
Any ice
Sand bank and navigation features
Derelicts and any other hazard considered dangerous to navigation
Malfunctioning of any of the ships lights.
What are the duties of the OOW while performing the navigational watch?
- Keep the watch
- Do not leave the bridge unless properly relieved
- Maintain the watch in the presence of the master
- Maintain the watch in the presence of a Pilot
- If in doubt as to PILOTS action request clarification, still doubt call master
- Call the master when in doubt
- Not undertake any other activities that would interfere with the watch
- NO distraction from personal devices
- Qualified helmsman at all times
- Hand steer in Res Viz, High traffic, hazardous Nav Situations
- Use radar at all times effectively
- Ensure the position of the vessel is continuously monitored by regularly fixing and cross referencing with other equipment.
- Keep proper record
- Keep GMDSS watch
What factors should be taken into account when Composing a bridge watch?
Fatigue
Weather and Viz
Proximity to navigational hazards adding additional tasks
Use and condition of navigational aids.
Autopilot.
Amount of radio duties
Unusual demands that may arise due to special operational conditions.
What are the STCW requirements for safe Navigational watch keeping.
There must be sufficient navigational officers onboard to;
- Plan and conduct safe navigation
- Maintain a safe navigational watch in accordance with STCW code
- Manoeuvre and handle the ship in all conditions
- Moor and unmoored the ship safely.
What are the requirements for safe Engineering watch keeping.
There should always be sufficient engineers onboard to undertake the following.
- Operate and monitor the ships main propulsion and auxiliary machinery
- Carry out routine maintenance
- Manage and perform fuel and ballast operations
- Meet the need to possibly undertake manual operation in case of automation and monitoring failure
- Respond to machinery in emergency situations
List of ways to manage fatigue
- Min HORs
- Limit time performing demanding tasks
- Nutritious food
- Night personal appropriate food
- Scheduling. Drills and work around rest periods
- Avoid hazardous tasks around circadian lows
- Emphasise Seafarers responsibility to sleep
- Allow communication time during handoves
Requirements of vessel if Watch keeping requirements can not be met.
MGN 315
Procedure and Contingencies in place to ensure the vessel is brought to or REMAINS in a place of safety until a safe navigational watch can be established. Delays in vessel departure may be necessary.
Requirements for the master to stand Navigational watch
Bridge manning should take into account the provision of sufficient Qualified OOW’s so that the MAster does not need to keep regular bridge watch, and can instead float between watches as necessary.
When to call the master
I INTRUDED
I - Inability to follow plan (amend PP, Maintaining course difficulty)
I - Illness, Impaired
N - Nav Hazards ( Ice or derelicts, Heavy weather damage)
T - Traffic
R - RES VIZ
U - Unexpected (land when not exp, No Land when exp, Position discrep)
D - Distress (emergencies onboard, receiving of Distress coms)
E - Equip Failure ( Nav, Eng, Coms/GMDSS)
D - Doubt
OOW duties at anchor
Lights Dayshape Sound signals Res Viz GMDSS Detect Anchor dragging Ensure second anchor ready Observe and record all vessel leaving and arriving Call the master Record (depth, seabed, amount of cable, transit and anchor bearings, weather) Post extra lookouts in res vis
OOW duties when berthed
- Gangway watch
- Apply ISPS
- Regular checks of moorings
- Lights
- Ensure watches handed over correctly
- Ensure all work being conducted in a safe manner
- Observe fire detecting apparatus and fire rounds
- Logbook
OOW Responsibility in Restricted Viz
- On set CALL THE MASTER
- Comply with COLREGS
i. Lookout
ii. Safe speed
iii. Engine ready for immediate manoeuvre
iv. Lights and fog signals - Post additional lookouts
- Use RADAR
- Engines on standby
Handing taking over the watch
Outgoing:
Ensure incoming capable, vision, rested
Inform of standing orders and amendments to PP
Not to handover if incoming incapable, or Manoeuvre underway
Incoming:
Vessel - Position, course and speed
- Intended route
- Faults (Nav equipment or Eng machinery)
- Dangers to Navigation
- Any upcoming events
Weather - Wind, Sea sea state, Tide, expected/forecasts, Viz
Nav equipment - Current status, Radar setup, ECDIS setup, Compass errors
Engineering - Current watch, Engine speeds and settings
Traffic - Location, Density and movement
Watchkeepers - discussion of expectations of them and instructions for upcoming watch
Master - Location
Logbook
Master instructions to then Engineering watch
- Shall react immediately to notices and instruction from the bridge
- Shall adhere to operational requirements and mot change anything with out permission form C/E
- Frequent rounds of the engineering space with particular awareness to indications that cannot be detected by the monitoring systems (smells, noises, vibrations)
- Keep appraised of Fuel, lube oils and ballast levels
- Monitor bilges and follow c/e orders for disposal
- Immediately Inform bridge of failure of equipment or any cases deemed necessary
UMS procedure
Unmanned machinery Space
- Personal never enter or remain in a UMS alone unless proper precautions have been taken. (Use of dead man switch)
- May only enter to complete task which will require a short period of time
- Prior to switching engine space to UMS at the end of day, rounds to check condition, operational status of all equipment to be completed
- bridge to be informed of personal movements into and out of Engine room
Dead man switch operation
On entry into ER
- inform bridge
- switch on deadman switch
- Check running machinery
- Reset Switch
- Check Tank levels
- Reset Switch
- Fire round
- Turn off dead man switch on leaving space
- Inform Bridge
What should be in Night orders
General notes:
- Vessel current situation
- Current weather
- General statements: Keep to course, Apply Colregs at all time, Keep a continues watch
Specifics:
- Expected weather
- Expected Points/marks/Observations
- Notes to the passage plan: ie. Beware of Ferry traffic in specific area
- ETA’s or desired ETA’s
- Engine orders and speeds
- Master calling points
Reporting and pilot requirements
Deck preparations
What are the Master standing orders
It is used to set Ground rules and expectations for the officers
How the Master expects them to conduct themselves on board and while holding the watch.
Reinforces practices that the master expects to be followed
Creates a relation ship where mutual confidence is established.
They must be read and signed by all Officers
Leaves no room for misconstruing orders handed down verbally
Contents of the master standing orders
General:
- Explanation/reason for Standing Orders: Ground rules captain expects
- In addition to SMS
- OOW Primary responsibility safety of navigation, safety of person ship environment
- OOW maintain the watch in presence of teh master or pilot
- OOW masters representative on the bridge
- All OOW to read and understand and sign
Maintains the watch:
- Lookout
- Collision avoidance
- ID of LIghts and ships
- Course Monitoring
- Nav equip (Continuously monitor, Regularly check accuracy)
- Weather (Record and monitor, receive all forecasts and warnings)
- GMDSS
- Logbooks
Main Engines:
- OOW has full disposal of the engines
- Must inform duty engineer prior to alteration
- Be fully familiar with operations
Handing over the Watch:
- Hand over procedure as per mgn 315
- Night orders
Electronic position Fixing:
- Cross reference all fixes with all available means
Navigation:
- Always use up to date charts and publications
- Regular fixing of vessels position by all available means
System control:
- Fully conversant with all system controls in the bridge
i. Fire detection
ii. Fire doors
iii. Fire and bilge pumps
iv. Water tight doors
v. Alarms
vi. PA
vii. Telephones
viii. Radios
Helmsman and autopilot:
- Helmsman at the ready at all times
- Fully understand operation of manual and auto steering and cross over
- Aware of when to change to hand steering
Radar:
- Radar setting
i. Pilotage
ii. Coastal
iii. Ocean - Radar check
i. PM
ii. Heading marker
iii. EBL and VRM - Radar errors
- Ship specific blind sectors
Min CPA and TCPA:
At Anchor:
Alongside:
Calling the master:
Final Statements:
- Do not let a situation develop so that emergency actions are required
- Never hesitate to call the master.
How to know if a vessel is certified for UMS
Safe manning document
Certificate of class
