WAR COMMUNISM 1918-21 4

Question 1

lenin wanted dictatorship of prolteritait . he needed

Answer 1

strong state control of army (Trotsky managed military, lenin manned economy)

Question 2

embarked on economic policy: war communism

Answer 2

primary focus for economy to win the war/est control and mainitain in red army. b to win civil war, survival of lenin, control state and industry (to supply to red army) DURING THE TIME 40% INDSUTRY WAS LOST DUE TO BREST LITOVSK)

Question 3

policies> nationalise

Answer 3

industries(railway)/business nationalise. private ownership not allowed but collective ownership was. got rid of elements of capitalism

Question 4

policies> nationalise : used red terror for control

Answer 4

strikes=band, political opp, Cheka to help remove, special punishment squads to those hoarding grain> causing shortages in grain, p not allowed to sell animal/crops> Cheka brought at low fixed price. rationing introduced

Question 5

policies> nationalise : workers

Answer 5

mroe stirctly controlled, industry given targets to meet, little consumer goods sold, some workers had to work against their will

Question 6

eval of policies : success

Answer 6

war communism helped red army win, able to use war to cloak extension of power, control into the industry. Bolshevik ideology preserved and extended with nationalisation of industry+ control through red terror.

Question 7

eval of policies : failure

Answer 7

united people into hatred of war communism
food production fell to 37% of 1913 levels= fammine/cannibalism
factory not producing consumer goods = peasnts had nothing to buy so no incentive
industrial production fell by 50% (moved to country side, black market boomed inflation, human rights controlled by red terror)

Question 8

eval of policies; revolut

Answer 8

Kronstadt sailors+ tambov revolt

Question 9

policies > pragmatism

Answer 9

war communism repsobale to the need to mobalise/support red army win> food to army, industrial production directed recourses to military

Question 10

pragmatism: how it got controlled

Answer 10

grain req under FOOD SUPPLIES DICTATORSHIP (ensure state and control of food)
ban private trade (peasnts can’t sell produce)
nationalisation of railway ind
compulsory labour/strict labour disiplin

Question 11

CONCEQUENSES OF WAR COMMUNSIM

Answer 11

did help b mobalise/feed/supply ra
1921 ag production fell= food shortage (ag output dropped 50% 1913 level)
soviet industry war in ruins(railway move military over than manufacture)
illegal black market dev
boruegious forced into desitution
opp within party emerged + from workers/peansts/sailors