SOCIAL/ECONOMIC/POLICAL IMPACT OF WW2 2 Flashcards
politically positive: power expanded, military, solidified c.o.p, centralise polticcal control
soviet power greatly expanded into eastern europe
miliaitry more communistic
his war time leadership solidified his C.O.P but did inc paranoia
stalin able to further centralise political control in his hands to maintain absolute authority.
politically positive: cp more militarised
politburo renamed GKO (stalin defence committee) and stavka (supreme military authority) was est in gov
politically positive : suppress internal dissents
Stalin able tu use war time mentality to suppress internal dissents via NVKD (executing of traitors/nazi sympathisers) and gulags used to fund war effort
no politically positive
tensions with west started brewing-onset with cold war
post war reconstruction(collectivisaiton/industralsion)
continued authoritarism> how stalin looked to expand communism around the rest of the world
economically mixed : industrially war economy
forced relocation of industry to the west to east
involve physically moving factories and workers so due to war economy, industry practically became state directed even post war
economically mixed : industrially war economy
exponential inc
expodential inc in military production in every imaginative way (help with Cold War but neglect consumer goods
economically mixed : industrially war economy
technological advancement MIXED
several technological advancements swell as soviet science and engineering, HOWEVER> urban factory workers had been lost due to casualties and displacement
economically devastating : agriculture
fighting ag regions
roads/railways
labor shortage
majority of fighting took place in agriculture regions, resulting in farm land being decimated (as part of soviet tactic of retreat was ‘scorched earth’
agriculture infrastructure (railways and roads) badly damaged
significant labor shortage due to millions of men conscripted into the red army
economically devastating : agriculture
live stock levels
women/elderly
ukrian breadbasket> dec grain production
live stock levels severely depleted and skilled workers lost due to conscription/collectivisation
women/elderly/children took place in feilds (not same productivity)
ukarian ‘bread basket’ for russia was mostly in nazi hands impacting grain so dec grain production and widespread famine and food shortages by 1942> 25m civilians died of starvation and disease
socially mixed:
patriotism/heroism
stricter control
sovet patriotism and heroism strengthen via propaganda > centred around stalin as great leader of great patriotic war
stricter control over public via arts/literature/film making being used to celebrate soviet strength and unity> new national anthem 1944
socially mixed:
inc surveillance, ethnic minority
inc surveillance and post war purges took place
ethnic minority were distrusted by stalin (seen as threat to soviet unity) > approx 1.5m ethnic/national minorities transported eastward
socially: soldiers / workers
every person of working age drafted under new law mobilising all men and women to enter factories. motivated by propgada ‘kill the germans’ and rations only for those who turned up to work> punished if late or absent. 12h working day
gulag labor (nazi helpers and deported em) built factories and airport 1941-5 8.6m soviet soldiers killed
socially: churches
controls over orthodox church relaxed boost moral, they raised 150m roubles to use to build tank divisions, no real sense of automny> got rid fo as soon as war ended like women roles
socially: women
mroe in workplace(by 1945 mroe than half) post war propaganda to revert to tradiaoonl domestic work, causing dual burden but new opp as by 1945 over half women served in armed forces/tank commanders
