POST WAR ECONOMY:INDUSTRIAL 4

Question 1

war destroyed much of s.u industry

Answer 1

70% industrial capacity destoryed
-65000km railway rendered useless
half of railway bridges in occupied areas destoryed
work force reduced (20m loss)
2k towns/cities left in ruins
1.2m urban/3.5m rural homes destoryed
lend lease program comes to an end

Question 2

Bolshoi theatre

Answer 2

stalin made it clear that pre war economic policies were justified and should continue
eg 5year plan, colecitvision, command economy

Question 3

lend lease came to an end

Answer 3

during the war, s.u relied on support from the use to provide food and military supplies, stalin became suspicious of jewish

Question 4

marshall aid

Answer 4

marshal aid is offered by USA from 1947+ to help with European economic recovery
stalin refused to allow any of eastern bloc to receive marshal aid
instead the molotov plan was developed to provide aid/mutual assistance to countries in eastern bloc

Question 5

cominfrom est 1947 to allow

Answer 5

su to coordinate the communist parties of Eastern Europe
eg 5year plans, emphasis on heavy industry

Question 6

comecon est 1949

Answer 6

to coordinate economic policies in soviet bloc
eg speclaislion of industry, centralsion, recourse sharing

Question 7

dev of Cold War 1947 inc defence budget

Answer 7

-inc empahsis/spending on armaments
-russia tested its first atomic bomb 1949
-the policing of the new stalest state and Cold War leads to a huge inc in defence budget

Question 8

continuation of pre war years.

Answer 8

state control of industry=central planning via command economy
tough discipline and long hours were common/carried on from ww2
use of 5yp
unrealistic targets set
focus on heavy industry/armaments 80% budget
living standards and consumer goods took a back seat
gulag labour used 2.5m prisoners

Question 9

however new developments:
unpaid labor used

Answer 9

workers to contribute to 30hours a month over their usual 8hour day
students had to contribute 10h a month

Question 10

however new developments:
returning prisoners of war

Answer 10

the 2million was dissolved

Question 11

however new developments:
the soviet rouble was developed 1947

Answer 11

1 new rouble was exchanged for 10 old roubles, people with saving badly hit

Question 12

4th 5 year plan focused on

Answer 12

rebuilding heavy industry /military rearment

Question 13

4th 5 year plan :)

Answer 13

1940 levels of production restored, became worlds second largest industrial power by 1950, huge investment spent in brining Ukraine back to pre war levels

Question 14

4th 5 year plan :(

Answer 14

despite successes of economic recovery their was little attention paid to improving living standards thus the output of consumer goods remained low, shortage of clothes and furntiture

Question 15

5th 5 year plan 1951-55

Answer 15

designed to consolidate acheievmtns fo 4th 5yp and proceed to overtake industrial production of usa
most targets were met and national income continued to grow
stalin died 1953 malenkov began to influence economic planning.