RED TERROR 1918-21 3

Question 1

1917 Terror intensified and was

Answer 1

transformed into an official state policy

Question 2

state terror used by the governments:

Answer 2

-use of violence/intimidation to insil fear/control on pop to achive political and ideological goals
-deliberate targeting of civilians/political opponents/minority groups
-through arbitrary arrests,torture,killings(human right abuses

Question 3

beginning of terror under bolsheviks end 1917 early 1918

Answer 3

-seizing power
-shutting down opp press
-arresting leaders of opp
-disolving constituent assembley jan 1918
-introducing forced grain req may 1918
-executing romanov July 1918

Question 4

treatment of kulaks

Answer 4

kulak uprising occurred in aug in pens, lenin hated kualks and beloved they must be crushed w/o pity

Question 5

terror influenced by ideology:
lenin believed in revolutionary terror- it was necessary to:

Answer 5

build a socialist society
remove old elites, political and class enemies
to protect against counter rev

Question 6

lenin was influenced by serge wechev

Answer 6

a populaist revolutionary who advocated the use of terrorism

Question 7

terror was escalated to deal with political opp that faced the Bolsheviks in 1918:
opposition from left sr

Answer 7

various assassinations and attempted coups responded with inc terror from b. many sr shot

Question 8

terror was escalated to deal with political opp that faced the Bolsheviks in 1918:
start of civil war

Answer 8

terror was used as a way to root out all whites/counter rev

Question 9

terror was escalated to deal with political opp that faced the Bolsheviks in 1918: attempted assassinations of lenin aug 1918

Answer 9

by a disgruntled sr, responded with ordering the execution of 512 in Petrograd and initiated red terror

Question 10

RED TERROR- Cheka sep 1918-21

Answer 10

est hq in moscow, it would control various units of red guard and military. most provinces had their own Cheka branch

Question 11

aims of terror

Answer 11

demonstrate b defender of proletariat and innate class warfare (against umc)
undermine policial enemies(SR)
undermine whites in cw
help enforce war communism

Question 12

mass arrests and executions

Answer 12

within 2 months= 10-15k executions by Cheka.. end of 1921 100-300k executed and number of death sentences comapred to tsarist regime doubled

Question 13

prison camps est> the gulag

Answer 13

aug 1918 lenin orders:kulaks/preisst/unreliables to be locked up in concentration camps
sep 1918- red terror called for the arrest of landowners, industrialists, merchants, anti soviet officers all to be detained in concerntration camps
DEC 1919 21, DEC 1921 107

Question 14

growth of police state

Answer 14

by 1921 soviet russia is a police state and Cheka has 100k memebers> controlled railways own town military force of 250k, monitored industry and rural affairs