W23-L9: Viruses Affecting the Nervous System Flashcards
Neurotrophic virus
capable of replicating in nerve cells
Neuroinvasive virus
capable of entering or infecting the central nervous system
Neurovirulent virus
capable of causing disease within the nervous system
What is myelitis?
an infection of the spinal cord
What is Encephalomyelitis?
When both the brain and the spinal cord become inflamed
Primary viral encephalitis
direct viral infection of the spinal cord and brain. Can be focal or diffuse.
Secondary encephalitis
results from complications of a current viral infection where virus spreads to the brain, usually via the blood.
What is the main cause of viral meningitis?
Enterovirus
What is the main cause of viral encephalitis?
Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 and 2
What is Guillain-Barre syndrome?
Is an acute inflammatory demyelinating disease following infection with several viruses such as EBV
What is Reye’s syndrome?
Post-infection with influenza or chickenpox in children
Why are viruses protected from attack by cytotoxic T cells when within peripheral nerves?
nerve cells do not have class I molecules
Where does replication of viruses take place within nerves?
takes place in the body of nerve as this is where protein synthesis takes place
Can released progeny cross synaptic junctions?
Yes
Where does coronavirus and herpes simplex virus enter the brain?
Olfactory Bulb
