Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cardiology > Vvpatii Aortice > Flashcards

Vvpatii Aortice Flashcards

1
Q

Din ce este formata vv Ao?

A

3 cuspe: coronara stg, coronara dr (sunt originea arterelor cor stg si dr cu anastomoze intre ele) si noncoronara
Sinusurile Valsalva=originile arterelor coron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ce este stenoza Ao?

A

=boala cronica progresiva cu ingustarea orif Ao ce obstrueaza trecerea sg din VS in Ao

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Care sunt tipurile de SAo?

A
  1. Congenitale: uni, bi, tri, cvadri-cuspida
  2. Dobandita: reumatismala, degenerativa (ASC), vegetatii
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Care este cea mai frecv cauza de SAo? Si care sunt fact de risc

A

ASC-> degeberativa-> proces inflam-» macrofag si limf T-» ingrosare subendoteliala-> fibroza -> LP calcificate -» vv calcificate (varstnici, sex masculin, LDL col si LP crescute, fumat, DZ, HTA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Care este cea mai frecv anomalie congenitala ce duce la SAo?

A

Bicuspidie Ao= vv in gura de peste (1-2% din nn)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Care sunt etiologiile pt SAo?

A
  1. Supravalvulare: diafragm fibros congenital
  2. Valvulara: degenerativa, RAA
  3. Subvv: pintene fibros sub vv congenital
  4. Cardiomiop Htrof
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ce se intampla fiziopat in SAo?

A

Obstructie -» nu se goleste complet VS -> creste p in ventricul * -> miocardul depune efort mai mare -> HVS -> creste cererea si scade oferta de O2 -» ischemii cardiace -» efort depasit -»( cresterea debit cardiac e limitata -» scade TA -» creste gradul ischemiei )-» dilat VS -» disfuncție diastolica a VS -> ICS -» aritmii: FiA

  • creste p in AS -»> HTP -» creste p AD -> in VD -» HVD-» dilat VD -» ICD

=> IC Globala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ce simptome apar in SAo?

A
  1. Durere toracica= Ang pect
  2. Dispnee + ortopnee
  3. Sincopa, presincopa
  4. Fatigabilitate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A/F
Arterele coronare sunt singurele artere care se umplu in diastola.

A

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

De ce apare Ang Pect in SAo?

A

Afectare coron : creste cererea si scade oferta de O2 cu ischemie (HVS) -» elib de bradikinine -» durere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cum se produce sincopa in SAo?

A

Creste frecv cardiaca (efort) -» D cardiac e limitat nu poate creste dp -»scade debitul c-» scade debit in carotide -» scade D in creier( -> vasodilat perif ) => sincopa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ce fel de dispnee este in SAo si care e cauza?

A

Cauza: IC Globala
Dispnee progresiva-> paroxistica nocturna + ortopnee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ce gasim la palpare in SAo: puls, soc apexian?

A

Tulb de puls: puls tardiv fata de Zg inimii: amplitudine mica, creste lent, aspect de platou
Soc apexian nedeplasat, puternic, susținut
Freamat sistolic in focar Ao

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ce auzim la auscultatie in SAo?

A

Zg1 normal
Suflu sistolic de ejectie in focar Ao
Zg 2 crescut -»> scazut -» absent (severe, sten Ao stransa)
Zg 3= dedublare paradoxala a Zg 2 in expir
Zg4 intens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cum e suflul din SAo?

A

Sistolic de ejectie, crescendo-descrescendo “diamond-shaped”
Aspru
In focar Ao cu iradiere cefalica si precordial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cu ce se face DgDif in SAo?

A
  1. SM/S Tricuspidiana
  2. CMHO
  3. Defect septal ventric.
17
Q

Ce exam paracl se fac in SAo?

A
  1. Rx
  2. EKG
  3. Ecocardiografie
  4. Cateterism cardiac
  5. IRM si CT cardiac * rar
18
Q

Ce se obs pe Rx in SAo?

A

-Ao asc dilatata= dilat poststenotica => curgere turbulenta
-HVS
-cord scazut in dimensiuni
-semne de staza pulmn
-calcific ale vv

19
Q

Ce se obs pe EKG in SAo?

A

-HAS, HVS
-P - in v1
-modif de faza terminala: subdeniv de ST, inversare unde T in v5,v6, aVL
-ritm sinusal
*rar aritmii

20
Q

Ce se obs la Ecocardiografie in SAo?

A

-deschidere vv Ao
-aspect vv Ao: cuspide(nr), calcificari
-HVS

21
Q

Ce se obs la Ecocardioscopie in SAo?

A

-morfol ap vv
-Doppler: viteza sg crescuta prin stenoza -> claseaza severit stenozei
Grad de pres intre VS si Ao

22
Q

Ce det prin cateterism cardiac in SAo?

A

Masuram direct presiunile

23
Q

Care sunt complicatiile SAo?

A

Moarte subita, Tromboze

24
Q

Cum tratam SAo?

A

Medicaamentos: tratam simptomele, complicatiile: IECA pt HTA, peniciline pt EI etc
Nonfarmacologic: oprirea ef fizic

Chirurgical: inlocuire vv
VVplastia percutana cu balonas

25
Q

Ce este insuf Ao/ regurgit Ao (RAo) ?

A

=nefunct vv Ao

26
Q

Care sunt cauzele cele mai frecv de RAo?

A

Reumatismala
Degenerativa
SD Marfan
EI

27
Q

Care sunt tipurile de RAo?

A

Acuta
Cronica

28
Q

Care sunt cauzele RAo acute?

A

RAA
EI
Disectie de Ao
Anevrism de sinus valsalva
Proteza vv disfunct

29
Q

Care sunt cauzele de RAo cronica?

A

Cardita reumatismala
Sifilis
Artrite
HTA
Bicuspidie Ao
Endocardita
Sd Marfan

30
Q

Ce se intampla fiziopat in RAo?

A

Disfunctie vv Ao -> sg reflueaza in VS din Ao in Diastola => scade volumul ejectat prin Ao => VS se dilata ca sa creasca vol ejectat in Ao pt a mentine D cardiac -> dilat VS -> p diastolica scade -> scade perfuz coronar -» Vs dilatat va creste necesarul de O2 -» ischemie cardiaca

31
Q

Care sunt consecintele RAo?

A

-HVS excentrica
-Ischemie cardiaca
-Dilat AS -> HTP -> creste p in VD si AD

32
Q

Care sunt simptomele in RAo?

A

*apar in stadii avansate -> IVS
1. Angina Pect
2. Dispnee -» soc cardiogen
3. *Rar Aritmii

33
Q

Ce semne intalnim la ex ob: inspectie, palpare in RAo?

A

Puls amplu saltaret, rapid depresibil
*Pulsatii: -pat unghial (Semnul Quincke)
-luetei
-cap (Musset)
*Artere femurale in foc de arama: zg intens la auscultatie artere fem
Soc apexian: deplasat inf-lat
Suflu Duroziez= suflu continuu la art fem
TAs crescuta si TAd scazuta

34
Q

Ce apare la auscultatie in RAo?

A

-suflu Duroziez
-suflu proto-diastolic inalt la apex
-suflu sistolic de ejectie
-suflu mezodiastolic (Uruitura Austin-Flint): jet regurgitant pt ca nu se deschid vv mitrale ant
-Zg 1 scazut

35
Q

Ce examinari paraclinice se fac in RAo?

A
  1. Rx
  2. EKG
  3. Ecocardiografie
  4. Cateterism cardiac
  5. IRM si CT cardiac
36
Q

Ce modif sunt pe Rx in RAo?

A

-dilat VS
-dilat Ao asc
-calcific vv

37
Q

Ce se obs pe EKG in RAo?

A

-HVS
-T -
-ritm sinusal

38
Q

Ce evidentiaza Ecocardiografia in RAo?

A

-dilat VS
- rad ao dilat
-vv
+doppler: regurgitarea

39
Q

Cum se trateaza RAo?

A

Trat simptomelor, cauzelor, complicatiilor: vasodilat, inotropi poz, IECA pt disfctie VS, Beta-blocante pt disectie de Ao

TRAT CHIR: inlocuirea vv

!!! Atentie nu se rec trat cu atb pt EI

Cardiology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions