CPC * Flashcards

1
Q

Ce este CPC?

A

Reprezinta alterarea structurii si/sau functiei
cordului drept datorata unei boli pulmonare

*Afectarea cordului drept prin boli congenitale sau
prin boli ale cordului stang NU INTRA IN
DEFINITIA CPC

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2
Q

Ce boli det CPC?

A
  1. Afectiuni pulmonare intrinseci
  2. Afectiuni vasculare pulmonare (HTP primara, tromboembolism pulmonar cronic)
  3. Deformari ale cutiei toracice
  4. Sindromul de apnee obstructiva in somn (SAO)
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3
Q

Cin generează în principal CPC?

A

Cresterea rezistentei in circulatia
pulmonara (hipertensiune pulmonara)

HTP poate fi:
-Arteriala (in arterele si arteriolele pulmonare (HTAP)
-Mixta, prin afectarea microcirculatiei pulmonare si/sau a venelor pulmn-> creste PAP

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4
Q

Ce simptome apar?

A
  1. Dispnee de efort
  2. Fatigabilitate
  3. Somnolenta diurna
  4. Sincopa de efort
  5. Angina de efort
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5
Q

De ce apar dispneea de efort, Fatigabilitate, somnolenta, sincopa?

A

Incapacitatea de a creste debitul
cardiac la efort

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6
Q

Ce semne apar la EO?

A
  1. Semne HTAP:
    -zgomot 2 intarit, dedublat
    • suflu de IT rar suflu de IP, intarite in inspir
      *Pot fi mascate de emfizem sau obezitate
  2. Jugulare turgescente
  3. Hepatomegalie, edeme, rar ascita
  4. In faza terminala – debit mic, chiar soc cardiogen
  5. Rar – paradoxal – EPA (!!) prin compresia VS de
    catre un VD mult hipertrofiat
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7
Q

Ce examin paraclinice se fac?

A
  1. Rx toracica
    2.EKG
  2. Ecocardiografie
  3. RMN
  4. CT
  5. Cateterism cardiac dr
  6. Teste fct respir
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8
Q

Ce apare pe Ecocardiografie?

A

-Semne de HTAP: insuf tricuspida, PAP sistolic crescut; rar insuf pulmonara cu PAP diastolica crescut
-VCI nu are colaps inspirator (congestie ven.)
-Faza avansata : semne HVD concentrica, cu septul miscare paradoxala – comprima VS
-Poate exista dilatare de VD – in prima faza de dezvoltare a CPC sau in decompensari acute

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9
Q

Care sunt principiile de tratament?

A

A. Reducerea rezistentei la ejectie a VD (reducere postsarcina VD )
B. Reducerea presiunii din VD (reducere presarcina VD)
C. Cresterea contractilitatii VD

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10
Q

Cum realizam A.Reducerea rezistentei la ejectia VD?

A

a. Administrare de oxigen
b. Tratarea specifica a cauzei de HP
c. Vasodilatatoare pulmonare

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11
Q

Cum realizam B. Reducerea presiunii in VD?

A

-Diuretic intermitent sau continuu, bine titrat
*CPC este dependent de presarcina crescuta, deci
excesul de diuretic este daunator

-Diureticul poate da hipokaliemie si aritmii
-In cazuri rezistente – de considerat ultrafiltrarea

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12
Q

Cum se realizează Cresterea contractilitatii VD?

A

Medicamente piv:
-dobutamina (beta – agonist)
-levosimendan (Ca – senzitiser)
-milrinona (inhibitor de fosfodiesteraza 3)

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