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Medical Terminology > Vocabulary > Flashcards

Vocabulary Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

abduct

A

to move away from the midline of the body

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2
Q

aberrant

A

wandering away from

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3
Q

acrodermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin of the extremeties

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4
Q

adduct

A

movement toward the midline of the body

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5
Q

adenopathy

A

disease of a gland

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6
Q

albinism

A

condition of abnormally white skin; characterized by absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes

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7
Q

albino

A

person who has a marked deficiency of pigment in the eyes, hair, and skin; has abnormally white skin

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8
Q

ambidextrous

A

able to use both hands well

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9
Q

ambilateral

A

pertaining to both sides

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10
Q

amenorrhea

A

absense of menstruation

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11
Q

amniocentesis

A

surgical puncture of the amniotic sac to remove fluid for laboratory analysis; an obstetrical procedure

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12
Q

analgesia

A

without sensitivity to pain

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13
Q

anaplasia

A

without formation or development

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14
Q

anesthesia

A

without feeling

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15
Q

anesthetize

A

to induce a state of anesthesia; to make one “feelingless”

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16
Q

antecubital

A

“the space” in front of the elbow

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17
Q

antidote

A

a drug or other substance that opposes [works against] the action of a poison

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18
Q

apnea

A

without breathing

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19
Q

appendectomy

A

surgical removal of the appendix

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20
Q

appendicitis

A

inflammation of the appendix

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21
Q

arteriole

A

smallest branch of the arterial circulation; small artery

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22
Q

arteriorhexis

A

ruture of an artery

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23
Q

arthrodesis

A

fixation of a join by a procedure designed to accomplish fusion of the joint surfaces

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24
Q

auditory

A

pertaining to hearing

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25
Q

autograft

A

a graft transferred from one part of a patient’s body to another

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26
Q

bicuspid

A

having two cusps or points

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27
Q

bilateral

A

pertaining to two sides

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28
Q

biologist

A

one who specializes in the study of living things

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29
Q

biology

A

the study of life

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30
Q

biopsy

A

removal of a small piece of living tissue from an organ or part of the body for “viewing” under a microscope

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31
Q

bradycardia

A

slow heartbeat

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32
Q

cardiac

A

pertaining to the heart

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33
Q

cardialgia

A

pain in the heart, heart pain

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34
Q

cardioarterial

A

pertaining to the heart and arteries

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35
Q

cardiocentesis

A

surgical puncture of the heart

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36
Q

cardiologist

A

one who specializes in the study of diseases and disorders of the heart

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37
Q

Cardiology

A

The study f the heart

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38
Q

cardiomegaly

A

enlargement of the heart

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39
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

any disease that affects the structure and function of the heart

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40
Q

cardiopulmonary

A

pertainnig to the heart and lungs

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41
Q

carditis

A

Inflammation of the heart

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42
Q

caudad

A

toward the tail or end of the body

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43
Q

cephalalgia

A

pain in the head

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44
Q

cephalodynia

A

pain in the head

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45
Q

chlorophyll

A

green pigment in plans that accomplishes photosynthesis

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46
Q

cholelithiasis

A

abnormal presence of gallstones in the gallbladder

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47
Q

circumduction

A

movement around in a circle

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48
Q

circumoral

A

around the mouth

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49
Q

cirrhosis

A

chronic degenerative disease of the liver with resultant yellowness of the liver and skin

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50
Q

coccus

A

singular bacterium

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51
Q

colostomy

A

surgical creation of a new opening between the colon and the surface of the body

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52
Q

colpopexy

A

surgical fixation of a relaxed vaginal wall

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53
Q

colpoptosis

A

prolapse of the vagina

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54
Q

conduction

A

process in which heat is transferred from one substance to another

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55
Q

congenital

A

born with

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56
Q

contraceptive

A

any device or technique that prevents [works against] conception

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57
Q

contraindication

A

against what is indicated

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58
Q

corpus luteum

A

a yellow glandular mass on the surface of the ovary that forms after ovarian follicle rutrues and release a mature ovum.

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59
Q

cyanoderma

A

slighlty bluish, grayis, slatelike, or dark discoloration of the skin

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60
Q

cyanotic

A

pertaining to blueness

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61
Q

cystocele

A

herniation or protrusion of the urinary bladder through the wall of the vagina

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62
Q

dermatitis

A

inflammation of the skin

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63
Q

dermatology

A

the study of the skin

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64
Q

dermatome

A

instrument used to cut the skin

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65
Q

dermatosis

A

any condition of the skin

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66
Q

descend

A

to come down from

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67
Q

diagnosis

A

knowledge through testing

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68
Q

dialysis

A

the removal or detachment of certain elements from the blood or lymph by passing them through a semipermeable membrane

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69
Q

discharge

A

to release a substance or object [to free it from its location]

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70
Q

dislocation

A

the displacement [undoing] of any part of the body from it’s normal position

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71
Q

duodenal

A

pertaining to the duodenum

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72
Q

duodenum

A

first part of the small intestine

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73
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

painful menstrual flow

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74
Q

dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing

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75
Q

ectopic

A

outside of its nomral location

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76
Q

electrocardiogram

A

record of the electrical activity of the heart

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77
Q

electrocardiograph

A

instrument used to record the electrical activity of the heart

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78
Q

electrocardiography

A

the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart

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79
Q

endocardium

A

within the heart, the inner lining of the heart

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80
Q

endocervical

A

pertaining to the inner lining of the cervix

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81
Q

endoscope

A

instrument used to look inside the body

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82
Q

enuresis

A

condition of urinary incontinence; bed-wetting

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83
Q

eosinophil

A

bilobed leukocyte that stains red, rosy color with an acid dye

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84
Q

epigastric

A

upon the stomach

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85
Q

erythrocyte

A

mature red blood cell

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86
Q

esophageal

A

pertaining to the esophagus

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87
Q

eupnea

A

normal breathing

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88
Q

exhale

A

to breathe out

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89
Q

exogenous

A

originating outside the body

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90
Q

extract

A

to remove a tooth from [away from] the oral cavity

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91
Q

extrahepatic

A

outside of the liver

92
Q

febrile

A

pertaining to fever

93
Q

gastralgia

A

pain in the stomach

94
Q

gastrectasia

A

stretching or dilatation of the stomach

95
Q

gastrectasis

A

stretching or dilatation of the stomach

96
Q

gastric

A

pertaining to the stomach

97
Q

gastritis

A

inflammation of the stomach

98
Q

gastrorrhagia

A

bursting forth of blood from the stomach

99
Q

gastrostomy

A

creating a new opening into the stomach

100
Q

geriatrician

A

specilalist in the field of study of the aging

101
Q

glaucoma

A

disorder of the eye due to an increase in intraocular pressure; creates a dull gray gleam of the affected eye

102
Q

glycogen

A

“that which generates sugar”

103
Q

hemanopsia

A

blindness in one half of the visual field

104
Q

hematuria

A

presence of blood in the urine

105
Q

hemiplegia

A

paralysis of one side [half] of the body

106
Q

hemolysate

A

something that results from hemolysis

107
Q

hemostasis

A

stopping or controlling the flow of blood

108
Q

heterogeneous

A

composed of different or unlike substances

109
Q

hirsutism

A

condition of excessive body hair in a male distribution pattern

110
Q

homeostasis

A

having the same origins

111
Q

hydrocephalus

A

an abnomral accumulation of fluid [water] within the head

112
Q

hyperemesis

A

excessive vomiting

113
Q

hyperglycemia

A

blood condition in which greater than nomral level of glucose is present in the blood; high blood sugar

114
Q

hyperhidrosis

A

condition of excessive sweating

115
Q

hyperlipemia

A

an excessive or above normal level of blood fats

116
Q

hyperplasia

A

excessive formation or development

117
Q

hypodermic

A

pertaining to under the skin

118
Q

hypoglossal

A

under the tongue

119
Q

hypoglycemia

A

blood condition of low or less than normal sugar

120
Q

hypoglycemia

A

less than normal blood sugar

121
Q

hypoxemia

A

Less than normal blood oxygen level

122
Q

hypoxemia

A

less than normal blood oxygen level

123
Q

hysterosalpingectomy

A

removal of the uterus and fallopian tubes

124
Q

idiosyncrasy

A

an individual sensitivity to effects of a drug caused by inherited or other bodily consitution factors

125
Q

impotence

A

an adult male’s inability [not able] to achieve penile erection

126
Q

inborn

A

acquired during intrauterine life

127
Q

incompetent

A

not capable

128
Q

infraorbital

A

beneath the bony cavidty in which the eyeball is located

129
Q

infrapatellar

A

below the knee

130
Q

intercostal

A

between the ribs

131
Q

intravenous

A

within a vein

132
Q

intrcardiac

A

pertaining to within the heart

133
Q

intubate

A

to insert a tube inside [into] an organ or body cavity

134
Q

jaundice

A

yellow discoloration of the skin

135
Q

juxtaarticular

A

pertaining to a location near a joint

136
Q

keratolytic

A

agent used to destroy hardened skin

137
Q

leukoblast

A

immature white blood cell

138
Q

leukocyte

A

white blood cell

139
Q

leukocytopenia

A

decrease in the number of white blood cells

140
Q

leukoplakia

A

white, hard, thickened patches firmly attached to the mucous membrane in areas such as the mouth, vulva, or penis.

141
Q

lipoma

A

fatty humor

142
Q

lithogenesis

A

the formation of stones

143
Q

lithogenic

A

pertaining to the formation of stones

144
Q

lithotripsy

A

crushing of a stone in the bladder; may be accomplished by ultrasound or by laser

145
Q

lymphadenopathy

A

any disease of the lymph nodes, elargement of the lymph nodes

146
Q

macula

A

small, pigmented spot that appears separate from surrounding tissue

147
Q

megalocardia

A

enlargement of the heart

148
Q

megalomania

A

mental disorder characterized by delusions of grandeur: the patient believes he or she is someone of great importance

149
Q

melanoma

A

darkly pigmented cancerous tumor

150
Q

mesoderm

A

the middle of the three layers of the skin

151
Q

metacarpals

A

pertaining to the bones after the carpal [wrist] bones; i.e. the hand bones

152
Q

milliliter

A

one-thousandth of a liter

153
Q

monocyte

A

a white cell with a singular nucleus

154
Q

mucoid

A

resembling mucus

155
Q

multigravida

A

a woman who has been pregnant more than once; “many pregnancies”

156
Q

multipara

A

to bear many “children”

157
Q

myoelectric

A

pertaining to the electrical propeties of the muscle

158
Q

myopathy

A

abnormal condition of the muscle

159
Q

myopia

A

a condition of nearsightedness

160
Q

narcolepsy

A

seizure or sudden attack of sleep

161
Q

nasopharyngitis

A

inflammation of the nose and throat

162
Q

necrophilia

A

abnormal attraction to dead bodies

163
Q

necrophobia

A

abnormal fear of death and dead bodies

164
Q

nephrorrhaphy

A

the operation of suturing the kidney

165
Q

neurological

A

pertaining to the study of the nerves

166
Q

noninvasive

A

pertaining to a diagnostic or therapeutic technique that does not require the skin to be broken [not invaded] or a cavity or organ to be entered.

167
Q

nullipara

A

a woman who has borne no children

168
Q

obstetrician

A

specialist in the field of study of pregnancy and childbirth

169
Q

ophthalmoscope

A

instrument used to view the interior of the eye

170
Q

ophthalmoscopy

A

the process of using an ophthalmoscope to view the interior of the eye

171
Q

osteoclasis

A

intentional surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity

172
Q

pancarditis

A

inflammation of the entire heart [all]

173
Q

paracervical

A

near, or beside, the cervix

174
Q

paraplegia

A

condition of paralysis of the lower half of the body

175
Q

pediatrician

A

physician who treats children

176
Q

pediatrics

A

field of medicine that deals with children

177
Q

pelvimeter

A

instrument used to measure the diameter and capacity of the pelvis

178
Q

pelvimetry

A

process of measuring the dimensions of the pelvis

179
Q

percussion

A

striking through

180
Q

perianal

A

around the anus

181
Q

pericardial

A

pertaining to around the heart (pertaining to the pericardium (the sac that surrounds the heart)

182
Q

pharmacist

A

practitioner who prepares/dispenses drugs/medications

183
Q

phlebotomy

A

incision into a vein

184
Q

podiatry

A

treatment of diseases and disorders of the foot

185
Q

poliomyelitis

A

inflmammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord

186
Q

polyarthritis

A

inflammation of many joints

187
Q

polyuria

A

the excretion of large amounts [much] urine

188
Q

postcibal

A

after meals

189
Q

precordial

A

the region “of the chest wall” in front of the heart

190
Q

primigravida

A

first pregnancy

191
Q

prognosis

A

knowledge before

192
Q

pseudoanorexia

A

“false anorexia”; a condition in which an individual eats secretly while claiming a lack of appetite and inability to eat

193
Q

psychiatrist

A

specialist in the study, treatment, and prevention of mental illness

194
Q

psychiatry

A

field of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental illness

195
Q

pulmonary

A

pertaining to the lungs

196
Q

purpura

A

collection of blood beneath the skin in the form of pinpoint hemorrhages appearing as red/purple skin discolorations

197
Q

quadriplegia

A

paralysis of all four extremitites

198
Q

radiographer

A

one who takes and processes X-rays

199
Q

reactivate

A

to make active again

200
Q

relaxation

A

the process of reducing tention, as a muscle when it relaxes after contraction

201
Q

retrocecal

A

pertaining to the region behind the cecum

202
Q

retroflexion

A

an abnormal position of an organ in which the organ is tilted backward

203
Q

rhinnorrhea

A

flow or drainage from the nose

204
Q

rhinolith

A

stone or calculus in the nose

205
Q

rhinoplasty

A

surgical repair of the nose in which the structure of the nose is changed

206
Q

rubella

A

a contagious viral disease characerized by fever, coldlike symptomes, and a diffuse, fine red rash [also Germain measles]

207
Q

semiconscious

A

half conscious

208
Q

spermicide

A

chemical substance that kills spermatozoa

209
Q

subcutaneous

A

under the skin

210
Q

sublingual

A

under the tongue

211
Q

suprapubic

A

above, or over, the pubic area

212
Q

sympathetic

A

displaying compassion for another’s grief; literally, “joined in disease”

213
Q

syndrome

A

a group of symptoms joined by a common cause; “running together”

214
Q

tachycardia

A

rapid heartbeat

215
Q

tetraplegia

A

paralysis of both arms and both legs, also known as quadriplegia

216
Q

thoracic

A

pertaining to the thorax

217
Q

transurethral

A

across, or through, the urethra

218
Q

triceps

A

“a muscle” having three heads

219
Q

ultrasound

A

sound waves at the very high frequency of more than 20,000 vibrations per second

220
Q

unilateral

A

pertaining to one side

221
Q

uninuclear

A

“a cell” having one nucleus

222
Q

venostasis

A

the trapping or “standing still” of blood in an extremity

223
Q

venous

A

pertaining to veins

224
Q

ventricular

A

pertaining to the ventricle

225
Q

venule

A

smallest vein that collects blood from a capillary

226
Q

xanthoderma

A

yellow coloration of the skin

Medical Terminology (27 decks)

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