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Medical Terminology > Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Male Reproductive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

asymptomatic

A

without symptoms

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2
Q

bulbourethral glands

A

a pair of pea-size glands that empty into the urethra just before it extend through the penis; also known as Cowper’s glands

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3
Q

chancre

A

a skin lesion, usually of primary syphilis, that begins at the site of infection as a small raised area and develops into a red painless ulcer with a scooped-out appearance; also known as a venereal sore

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4
Q

Cowper’s glands

A

a pair of pea-size glands that empty into the urethra just before it extend through the penis; also known as Cowper’s glands

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5
Q

cryosurgery

A

use of subfreezing temperature to destroy tissue. The coolant is circulated through a metal probe, chilling it as low as -160C. When the probe touches the tissues of the body, the moist tissue adhere to the cold metal of the probe and freeze.

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6
Q

debridement

A

the removal of dirt, damaged tissue, and cellular debris from a wound or a burn to prevent infection and promote healing

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7
Q

dormant

A

inactive

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8
Q

dysuria

A

painful urination

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9
Q

ejaculation

A

the process of ejecting, or expelling, the semen from the male urethra

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10
Q

epididymectomy

A

surgical removal of the epididymis

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11
Q

epididymis

A

a tightly coiled tubule that resembles a comma. Its purpose is that of housing the sperm until they mature, becoming fertile and motile. Mature sperm are stored in the lower portion of the epidiymis

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12
Q

epididymitis

A

acute or chronic inflammation of the epididymis. This condition can be the result of a urinary tract infection, prolonged use of indwelling catheters, or venereal disease in males.

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13
Q

exudate

A

fluid, pus or serum slowly discharged from cells or blood vessels through small pores or breaks in cell membranes.

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14
Q

flaccid

A

weak; lacking muscle tone

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15
Q

foreskin

A

a loose, retractable fold of skin covering the tip of the penis; also called prepuce.

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16
Q

glans penis

A

the tip of the penis

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17
Q

gonad

A

the male sex glands, which are called testes (singular: testis or testicle). These are the primary organs of the male reproductive system

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18
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma

A

a malignant growth that begins as soft, brownish or purple raise areas on the feet and slowly spreads in the skin, spreading to the lymph nodes and internal organs. It occurs most often in men and is associated with AIDS

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19
Q

malaise

A

a vague feeling of bodily weakness or discomfort, often marking the onset of disease

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20
Q

malodorous

A

foul smelling; having a bad odor

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21
Q

motility

A

the ability to move spontaneously

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22
Q

mucopurulent

A

Characteristic of a combination of mucus and pus

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23
Q

opportunistic infection

A

an infection caused by normally non-disease-producing organisms that sets up in a host whose resistance has been decreased by surgery, illnesses, and disorders such as AIDS

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24
Q

orchidopexy

A

surgical fixation of an undescended testicle.

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25
Q

orchiopexy

A

surgical fixation of an undescended testicle.

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26
Q

palpatation

A

a technique used in physical examinations that involves feeling parts of the body with the hands.

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27
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease

A

inflammation of the upper female genital tract (cervix, uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes [also known as salpingitis]; may be associated with sexually transmitted diseases.

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28
Q

perineum

A

the area between the scrotum and the anus in the male and between the vulva and anus in the female

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29
Q

prepuce

A

a loose, retractable fold of skin covering the tip of the penis; also called foreskin.

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30
Q

prophylactic

A

any agent or regimen that contributes to the prevention of infection and disease.

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31
Q

prostate gland

A

a gland that surround the base of the urethra, which secretes a milky-colored secretion in to the urethra during ejaculation. This secretion enhances the motility of the sperm and helps to neutralize the secretions within the vagina

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32
Q

prostatectomy

A

removal of all or part of the prostate gland.

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33
Q

purulent

A

producing or containing pus

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34
Q

rectoscope

A

an instrument used to view the rectum that has a cutting and cauterizing (burning) loop. Also known as a proctoscope

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35
Q

resectoscope

A

an instrument used to remove tissue surgically from the body. It has a light source and lens attached for viewing the area.

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36
Q

residual urine

A

urine that remains in the bladder after urination

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37
Q

residual urine test

A

obtaining a catheterized specimen after the patient has emptied the bladder by voiding, to determine the amount of urine remaining in the bladder; also known as a residual specimen. It may also be determined by ultrasound and bladder scan.

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38
Q

salpingitis

A

Inflammation of the fallopian tubes; also known as pelvic inflammatory disease

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39
Q

scrotum

A

an external sac that houses the testicles. It is located posterior to the penis and is suspended from the perineum.

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40
Q

semen

A

a combination of sperm and various secretions that is expelled form the body through the urethra during sexual intercourse.

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41
Q

seminal vesicles

A

glands that secrete a thick, yellowish fluid (known as seminal fluid) into the vas deferens.

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42
Q

seminiferous tubules

A

specialized coils of tiny tubules responsible for production of sperm; located in the testes.

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43
Q

spermatozoan

A

a mature male germ cell; also known as spermatozoon (plural: spermatozoa)

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44
Q

spermatozoon

A

a mature male germ cell; also known as spermatozoan (plural: spermatozoa)

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45
Q

testicles

A

the male gonads, or male sex glands, responsible for production of spermatozoa (the male germ cell) and for the secretion of the male hormone testosterone

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46
Q

testosterone

A

a male hormone secreted by the testes, responsible for the secondary sex characteristic changes that occur in the male with the onset of puberty. These changes include growth of facial hair (beard), growth of pubic hair, and deepening of the voice

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47
Q

truss

A

an apparatus worn to prevent or block the herniation of the intestines or other organ through an opening in the abdominal wall.

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48
Q

urethra

A

a small, tubular structure extending the length of the penis that transports urine fro the bladder (and semen, when ejaculate) to the outside of the body.

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49
Q

urethritis

A

inflammation of the urethra

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50
Q

vas deferens

A

the narrow, straight tube that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct.

51
Q

vesicles

A

blisters; small raised skin lesions containing clear fluid.

52
Q

anorchism

A

the absence of one or both testicles

53
Q

balanitis

A

inflammatin of the glans penis and the mucous membrane beneath it

54
Q

benign prostatic hypertorphy

A

a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland, creating pressure on the upper part of the urethra or neck of the bladder (causing obstruction of the flow of urine)

55
Q

carcinoma of the prostrate

A

malignant growth within the prostate gland, creating pressure on the upper part of the urethra.

56
Q

carcinoma of the testes

A

a malignant tumor of the testicle that appears as a painless lump in the testicle; also called testicular cancer

57
Q

cryptorchidism

A

condition of undescended testicle(s); the absence of one or both testicles from the scrotum.

58
Q

epispadias

A

a congenital defect (birth defect) in which the urethra opens on the upper side of the penis at some point near the glans

59
Q

hydrocele

A

an accumulation of fluid in any saclike cavity or duct, particularly the scrotal sac or along the spermatic cord.

60
Q

hypospadias

A

a congenital defect in which the urethra opens on the underside of the penis instead of at the end.

61
Q

impotence

A

The inability of a male to achieve or sustain an erection of the penis.

62
Q

inguinal hernia

A

a protrusion of a part of the intestine through a weakened spot in the muscles and membranes of the inguinal region of the abdomen. The intestine pushes into, and sometimes fills, the entire scrotal sac in the male.

63
Q

orchitis

A

inflammation of the testes due to a virus, bacterial infection or injury. The condition omay affect one or both testes. Typically results from the mumps virus

64
Q

phimosis

A

a tightness of the foreskin (prepuce) of the penis that prevents it from being pulled back. The opening of the foreskin narrows due to the tightness and may cause some difficulty with urination.

65
Q

premature ejaculation

A

the discharge seminal fluid prior to complete erection of the penis or immediately after the penis has been introduced into the vaginal canal.

66
Q

prostatitis

A

inflammation of the prostate gland

67
Q

varicocele

A

an abnormal dilatation of the veins of the spermatic cord leading to the testicle.

68
Q

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

A

AIDS is a deadly virus that destroys the body’s immune system by invading the helper T lymphocytes (T cells), which play an import part in the body’s immune response. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replicates itself within the T cells, destroys the lymphocyte, and then invades other lymphocytes

69
Q

chlamydia

A

a sexually transmitted bacterial infection that causes inflammation of the cervix (cervicitis) in women and inflammation of the urethra (urethritis) and the epididymis (epididymitis) in men.

70
Q

genital herpes

A

a highly contagious viral infection of the male and female genitalia; also known as venereal herpes. Caused by the herpes simplex virus (usually HSV-2), it is transmitted by direct contact with infected body secretions (usually through sexual intercourse). It differs from other sexually transmitted diseases in that it can recur spontaneously once the virus has been acquired.

71
Q

genital warts

A

small, cauliflower-like, fleshy growths usually seen along the penis in the male and in or near the vagina in women. It is transmitted from person to person through sexual intercourse. They are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). The tie span from initial contact with the virus to occurrence of symptoms can be from one to six months

72
Q

gonorrhea

A

a sexually transmitted bacterial infection of the mucous membrane of the genital tract in mend and women. It is spread by sexual intercourse with an infected partner and can also be passed on from an infected mother to her infant during the birth process (as the baby passes through the vaginal canal). Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the causative organism.

73
Q

syphillis

A

a sexually transmitted disease characterized by lesions that my involve any organ or tissue. It is spread by sexual intercourse with an infected partner and can also be passed through the placenta from an infected mother to her unborn infant. The spirochete Treponema pallijum is the causative organism of this highly contagious disease. If left untreated, this disease progresses through three stages (each with characteristic signs and symptoms): primary syphillis, secondary syphillis, and tertiary syphilis.

74
Q

trichomoniasis

A

a sexually transmitted protozoal infection of the vagina, urethra, or prostate. It is usually spread by sexual intercourse and affects approximately 15% of all sexually active people. The causative organism is Trichomonas vaginalis

75
Q

castration

A

the surgical removal of the testicles in the male (or the ovaries in the female); also known as an orchidectomy or orchiectomy in the male and as an oophorectomy in the female

76
Q

anorchism

A

the absence of one or both testicles

77
Q

balanitis

A

inflammation of the glans penis and the mucous membrane beneath it

78
Q

benign prostatic hypertorphy

A

a noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland, creating pressure on the upper part of the urethra or neck of the bladder (causing obstruction of the flow of urine)

79
Q

carcinoma of the prostrate

A

malignant growth within the prostate gland, creating pressure on the upper part of the urethra.

80
Q

carcinoma of the testes

A

a malignant tumor of the testicle that appears as a painless lump in the testicle; also called testicular cancer

81
Q

cryptorchidism

A

condition of undescended testicle(s); the absence of one or both testicles from the scrotum.

82
Q

epispadias

A

a congenital defect (birth defect) in which the urethra opens on the upper side of the penis at some point near the glans

83
Q

hydrocele

A

an accumulation of fluid in any saclike cavity or duct, particularly the scrotal sac or along the spermatic cord.

84
Q

hypospadias

A

a congenital defect in which the urethra opens on the underside of the penis instead of at the end.

85
Q

impotence

A

The inability of a male to achieve or sustain an erection of the penis.

86
Q

inguinal hernia

A

a protrusion of a part of the intestine through a weakened spot in the muscles and membranes of the inguinal region of the abdomen. The intestine pushes into, and sometimes fills, the entire scrotal sac in the male.

87
Q

orchitis

A

inflammation of the testes due to a virus, bacterial infection or injury. The condition omay affect one or both testes. Typically results from the mumps virus

88
Q

phimosis

A

a tightness of the foreskin (prepuce) of the penis that prevents it from being pulled back. The opening of the foreskin narrows due to the tightness and may cause some difficulty with urination.

89
Q

premature ejaculation

A

the discharge seminal fluid prior to complete erection of the penis or immediately after the penis has been introduced into the vaginal canal.

90
Q

prostatitis

A

inflammation of the prostate gland

91
Q

varicocele

A

an abnormal dilatation of the veins of the spermatic cord leading to the testicle.

92
Q

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

A

AIDS is a deadly virus that destroys the body’s immune system by invading the helper T lymphocytes (T cells), which play an import part in the body’s immune response. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replicates itself within the T cells, destroys the lymphocyte, and then invades other lymphocytes

93
Q

chlamydia

A

a sexually transmitted bacterial infection that causes inflammation of the cervix (cervicitis) in women and inflammation of the urethra (urethritis) and the epididymis (epididymitis) in men.

94
Q

genital herpes

A

a highly contagious viral infection of the male and female genitalia; also known as venereal herpes. Caused by the herpes simplex virus (usually HSV-2), it is transmitted by direct contact with infected body secretions (usually through sexual intercourse). It differs from other sexually transmitted diseases in that it can recur spontaneously once the virus has been acquired.

95
Q

genital warts

A

small, cauliflower-like, fleshy growths usually seen along the penis in the male and in or near the vagina in women. It is transmitted from person to person through sexual intercourse. They are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). The tie span from initial contact with the virus to occurrence of symptoms can be from one to six months

96
Q

gonorrhea

A

a sexually transmitted bacterial infection of the mucous membrane of the genital tract in mend and women. It is spread by sexual intercourse with an infected partner and can also be passed on from an infected mother to her infant during the birth process (as the baby passes through the vaginal canal). Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the causative organism.

97
Q

syphillis

A

a sexually transmitted disease characterized by lesions that my involve any organ or tissue. It is spread by sexual intercourse with an infected partner and can also be passed through the placenta from an infected mother to her unborn infant. The spirochete Treponema pallijum is the causative organism of this highly contagious disease. If left untreated, this disease progresses through three stages (each with characteristic signs and symptoms): primary syphillis, secondary syphillis, and tertiary syphilis.

98
Q

trichomoniasis

A

a sexually transmitted protozoal infection of the vagina, urethra, or prostate. It is usually spread by sexual intercourse and affects approximately 15% of all sexually active people. The causative organism is Trichomonas vaginalis

99
Q

circumcision

A

a surgical procedure in which the foreskin (prepuce) of the penis is removed.

100
Q

cystoscopy

A

the process of viewing the interior of the bladder by using a cystoscope

101
Q

FTA-ABS test

A

a serological test for syphillis (performed on blood serum). The acronym stands for fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorbtion test.

102
Q

intravenous pyelogram (IVP)

A

also known as intravenous pyelography or excretory urogram, this radiographic procedure provides visualization of the entire urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra). A contrast dye is injected intravenously, and multiple x-ray films are taken as the medium is cleared from the blood by the glomerular filrtation of the kidney.

103
Q

orchidectomy

A

the surgical removal of the testicle.

104
Q

radical prostatectomy

A

a radical prostatectomy is the surgical removal of the entire prostate gland as a treatment for cancer.

105
Q

semen analysis

A

an assessment of a sample of semen for volume, viscosity, sperm count, sperm motility, and percentage of any abnormal sperm

106
Q

suprapubic prostatectomy

A

the surgical removal of the prostate gland by making an incision into the abdominal wall, just above the pubic bone.

107
Q

transurethral resection of the prostate

A

the surgical removal of a portion of the prostate gland by inserting a resectoscope (an instrument used to remove tissue from the body) through the urethra and into the bladder.

108
Q

vasectomy

A

a surgical cutting and typing of the vas deferens to prevent the passage of sperm, consequently preventing pregnancy; male sterilization

109
Q

VDRL test

A

a serological tst for syphilis (test performed on blood serum); widely used to test for primary and secondary syphilis. The acroym stands for Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test

110
Q

wet mount; wet prep

A

the microscopic examination of fresh vaginal or male urethral secretions to test for the presence of living organisms.

111
Q

BPH

A

benign prostatic hypertrophy

112
Q

DRE

A

digital rectal exam

113
Q

FTA-ABS

A

fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption test; a serologicl test for syphilis

114
Q

GC

A

gonorrhea; gonococcus

115
Q

GU

A

genitourinary

116
Q

HSV-2

A

herpes simplex virus, strain 2

117
Q

IVP

A

intravenous pyelogram

118
Q

KUB

A

kidneys, ureters, bladder; an x-ray of the urinary tract, using no contrast medium

119
Q

NGU

A

nongonococcal urethritis

120
Q

PSA

A

prostate-specific antigen

121
Q

STS

A

serological test for syphilis

122
Q

TSE

A

testicular self-examination

123
Q

TUR, TURP

A

transurethral resection f the prostate gladn

124
Q

VDRL

A

venereal disease research laboratory

Medical Terminology (27 decks)

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