Vocab Words

Question 1

Accessory

Answer 1

assisting
(i.e. accessory muscles of respiration = intercostals and neck muscles may be used to increase ventilation in patients with labored breathing midline)

Question 2

Afebrile

Answer 2

no fever; regular temperature

Question 3

Ambulate

Answer 3

to walk

Question 4

Analgesic

Answer 4

relieving pains

Question 5

Anasarca

Answer 5

severe generalized edema

Question 6

Anuria

Answer 6

absence of urine formation

Question 7

Antihypertensive

Answer 7

an agent that prevents high blood pressure

Question 8

Antipyretic

Answer 8

an agent that reduces fever

Question 9

Ascites

Answer 9

accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity (abdomen)

Question 10

Auscultation

Answer 10

listen for sounds within the body

-a stethoscope is needed

Question 11

Apnea

Answer 11

no breathing

Question 12

Bilateral

Answer 12

relating to two sides (left and right)

Question 13

Biopsy

Answer 13

obtaining a tissue sample by syringe or surgery for microscopic examination

Question 14

Borborygmi

Answer 14

gurgling sound heard over the large intestine = normal, hyperactive bowel sounds

Question 15

Braden Scale

Answer 15

assessment tool to determine if a person is at risk for developing pressure ulcers
-the lower the number, the higher the risk for pressure ulcer development

Question 16

Bradycardia

Answer 16

abnormally slow heart rate

-pulse rate below 60 beats per minute

Question 17

Bradypnea

Answer 17

abnormally slow breathing

-respiratory rate below 12 per minute, regular rhythm

Question 18

Bruit

Answer 18

a sound or murmur heard in auscultation (abnormal)

Question 19

Cheyne Stokes Respiration

Answer 19

apnea-then gradual increase in respiratory rate and depth- then decrease in rate and depth- then the same respiratory cycle starts again

Question 20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Answer 20

refers to disease that obstruct airflow and is characterized by bronchoconstriction and dyspnea. 
-Diseases associated:
-bronchitis
-emphysema 
Needs to be in orthopneic position

Question 21

Emphysema

Answer 21

-loss of lunch elasticity
-hyper-inflated lung
-damaged alveoli resulting in loss of elastic recoil, increased airway resistance and altered oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange
(oxygen levels in the blood decrease (hypoxemia) and carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase (hypercarbia)

Question 22

Hypoxemia

Answer 22

oxygen levels in the blood decrease

Question 23

hypercarbia

Answer 23

carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase

Question 24

Chronic bronchitis

Answer 24

inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles leading to production of large amounts of thick mucous and thickened bronchial walls, which impede air flow
-this results in hypoxema and hypercarbia

Question 25

Orthopneic position

Answer 25

sitting up and leaning forward, to ease the work of breathing

Question 26

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Answer 26

heart failure is a state in which the heart is no longer able to pump an adequate supply of blood to meet the demands of the body - refers to a state of circulatory congestion resulting from heart failure - left sided ventricular failure results in pulmonary congestion, the lungs fill with fluid causing dyspnea, cough or orthopnea. - right sided ventricular failure results in systemic venous congestion resulting in edema, liver enlargement, ascites, and anasarca causing distended neck veins, pitting edema, bounding pulse, increased BP from excess volume or decreased BP from heart failure, and rapid increase in weight - CHF causes decreased cardiac output resulting in fatigue, activity intolerance, anxiety, and decreased urine output

Question 27

CHF: Left sided ventricular failure

Answer 27

results in pulmonary congestion, the lungs fill up with fluid causing dyspnea, cough, or orthopnea

Question 28

CHF: Right sided ventricular failure

Answer 28

results in systemic venous congestion resulting in edema, liver enlargement, ascites, and anasarca causing distended neck veins, pitting edema, bounding pulse, increased BP from excess volume or decreased BP from heart failure, and rapid increase in weight

Question 29

Crepitus

Answer 29

presence of air in the subcutaneous tissue -crackling feeling often described as "rice crispies" on palpation due to movement of air through the tissues (the same term is used with pathologic joint conditions and on movements of ends of broken bone)

Question 30

Cyanosis

Answer 30

bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes (decreased hemoglobin/ oxygen in the blood =hypoxia)

Question 31

Hypoxia

Answer 31

decreased hemoglobin/ oxygen in the blood

Question 32

Dependent

Answer 32

``` hanging down (i.e. dependent edema = edema developing in the foot and ankle while sitting or standing) ```

Question 33

Diaphoresis

Answer 33

profuse sweating (diaphoretic = covered by sweat)

Question 34

Differentiate

Answer 34

to distinguish between, note a difference between things

Question 35

Distension

Answer 35

to stretch out, to become swollen

Question 36

Diuresis

Answer 36

increased secretion of urine

Question 37

Diuretic

Answer 37

an agent that increases urinary excretion/ output

Question 38

Dyspnea

Answer 38

labored or difficult breathing | -The client states: "I cant breathe"

Question 39

Dysrhythmia/ Arrhythmia

Answer 39

abnormal heart rhythm/ irregular heart rhythm (pulse)

Question 40

Ecchymosis

Answer 40

bleeding under the skin or mucous membrane, bruise, irregular blue or purplish patches

Question 41

Edema

Answer 41

accumulation of excess fluid in a fluid compartment (swelling)

Question 42

Epistaxis

Answer 42

nosebleed

Question 43

Erythema

Answer 43

redness of the skin

Question 44

Eupnea

Answer 44

normal respiratory rate/ rhythm, expiration longer than inspiration

Question 45

Exhibit

Answer 45

to show, display

Question 46

Expectorate

Answer 46

the act of spitting out saliva or coughing up material from the airways or lungs

Question 47

Extension

Answer 47

straight, increase in angle between bones forming a joint (brings a limb to a straight position)

Question 48

Extubate

Answer 48

removal of a tube (i.e. removal of an endotracheal tube connected to a ventilator)

Question 49

Febrile

Answer 49

having a fever

Question 50

Flushed

Answer 50

redness of the skin

Question 51

Fowler's Position

Answer 51

head of bed raised to 45 degrees

Question 52

Gait

Answer 52

the way, style, or manner of walking

Question 53

General

Answer 53

nonspecific | i.e. generalized edema = edema all over the body