NURS 171 Week 10: Minerals Flashcards
1
Q
Minerals
A
- occur naturally in foods, as food additives and in supplements
- macro-minerals (major)
- trace minerals
2
Q
Macrominerals
A
(major)
- needed in amounts >100 mg/day
- calcium, potassium, magnesium. phosphorus, sodium
3
Q
Trace Minerals
A
essential but in lower concentration
- copper, fluoride, iodine, iron, zinc
- absorbed mostly in small intestine
- self regulates absorption + excretion
4
Q
What Do Minerals Assist In?
A
- fluid regulation
- nerve impulse transmission
- energy production
- essential for healthy bones + blood
- help rid body of by productions of metabolism
- believed to play a key role in disease prevention + treatment
5
Q
Mineral Deficiencies
A
- Calcium= osteoporosis
- Iron= anemia
- Magnesium= hypertension and coronary artery disease
6
Q
Excess Sodium Leads to
A
- hypertension
- MI
- CVA
7
Q
Macrominerals: Calcium Function
A
- Bone + teeth formation
- blood clotting
- nerve conduction
- muscle contractions
- cellular metabolism
- heart action
8
Q
Macrominerals: Calcium Sources
A
- dairy products
- green leafy vegetables
9
Q
Calcium: Effects of Deficiency
A
- bone loss
- tetany
- rickets
- osteoporosis
10
Q
Macrominerals: Magnesium Function
A
- aids thyroid hormone secretion
- maintains normal basal metabolic rate
- activates enzymes for carbohydrate and protein metabolism
- nerve + muscle function
- cardiac function
11
Q
Magnesium: Sources
A
- whole grains
- nuts
- legumes
- green leafy vegetables
- potatoes
12
Q
Magnesium: Effects of Deficiency
A
- tremor
- spasm
- convulsions
- weakness
- muscle pain
- poor cardiac function
13
Q
Macrominerals: Phosphorus (P) Function
A
- bone + tooth strength
- overall metabolism
- formation of enzymes
- acid-base balance
14
Q
Phosphorus: Sources
A
- dairy products
- beef
- pork
- beans
- sardines
15
Q
Phosphorus: Effects of Deficiency
A
- bone loss
- poor growth
