Vocab for Unit 2 Flashcards
chemistry
the study of the properties of matter and the changes it undergoes
caustic
an agent that burns or destroys living tissue
homogenous
a Mixture in which particles are uniformly scattered,
heterogenous
a mixture in which the particles are not uniformly scattered
element symbols
one or more letters used to represent the name of the substance
atomic number
the number of the protons in the nucleus of an atom
chemical formula
a formula that shows the number and types of atoms in a molecule
chemical reaction
a process in which a substance is changes into one or more new substances
endothermic
a chemical reaction in which heat energy is taken from the surrounding
inhibitors
substances that slow down or prevent chemical reactions
combustion
a highly exothermic combination of a substance with oxygen
requires heat, oxygen, and fuel
physical change
a change in form but not in chemical composition no new substances are formed
chemical change
a change in which one or more new substances are formed
electrolysis
the process of decomposing a chemical compound by passing electric current through it
Daltons atomic theory
states that all matter is made up of small particles called atoms, elements cannot be created, destroys, to divided into smaller particles. Compound are created when atoms of different elements join. Atoms of same atoms are identical in mass and size and atoms with one element are differences in mass and Size of the other element.
Chemical family
a group of related elements that have similar properties
ionic compounds
formed when atoms transfer electrons to or from other atoms
binary compounds
compounds made of two elements
reactants
the substances that go into a chemical reaction
reaction rate
a measure of how fast a reaction occurs
corrosion
the process where metals or stone are chemically broken down
element
a pure substance made up of one type of particle, cannot be broken down
compound
pure substances that are made up of two or more elements chemically combined together
electrons
are atomic particles that orbit around the nucleus of an atoms they are usually nucleus charged
atomic nucleus
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
atomic mass
the average mass of an atom of an element
molecular compound
formed when atoms share electrons
diatomic molecules
molecules made up of two atoms of the same element
products
the substances produced by a chemical reaction
catalyst
a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up in a reaction
rust
iron oxide a product of the chemical reaction of iron and oxygen and moisture
protons
they are positive electric charged atoms usually inside the nucleus
neutrons
uncharged particles in the atomic nucleus
molecule
smallest independent unit of a pure substance generally a cluster of atoms joined together
conductivity
the ability for a substance to carry an electrical current
exothermic
a chemical reaction in which heat energy is released to the surroundings
enzyme
a special protein molecule that regulates chemical reactions in living organisms
galvanization
the process of protecting metals by coating them with a thin layer of zinc.
