4-5 Unit 2 Flashcards
explain metals state at room temperature?
solids, except for mercury (a liquid)
what are metals appearance
- shiny luster
what are metals conductivity
they are good conductors of heat and electricity
what are metals malleability and ductility
- they are malleable and ductile
What is the state of nonmetals at room temperature
- some are gases some are solids and only one is a liquid which is bromine
what are nonmetals appearance
not very shiny
what are non-metals conductivity
poor conductors of heat and electricity
what is malleability and ductility of non-metals?
- brittle
- not ductile
what is metalloids state at room temperature
solids
what is the appearance of metalloids?
-can be shiny or dull
what are metalloids conductivity
- may conduct electricity
- poor conductors of heat
what are metalloids malleability and ductility
- brittle and not ductile
what is the only metal found in the crust of the earth
silicon and it appears as silicon dioxide
what is silicon a nonmetal, metal or metalloid
although silicon can be made to conduct electricity its properties lie in between those of metals and non-metals.
put non-metals, metals, and metalloids in order from least common to most common
metalloids are few in number
non-metals are more numerous in
and metals are the most numerous
what metals are used in your mouth when you get filling and why?
Gold, Silver, And copper can be mixed and will not react with oxygen. These metals need to be unreactive with mild acids and with gases that are inhaled and exhaled.
what is a chemical family
is used to describe a group of related elements that have similar properties
Gold silver and copper were once used to make coins they also referred to what?
coinage metals
what elements can be formed with oxygen readily?
aluminum, and iron
what elements can be formed with oxygen not readily?
copper, gold, and silver
what metal has the best electrical conductivity?
Silver has the best of all metals.
what is the second-best of all metals the has an electrical conductivity
copper
Why are alkali metals so reactive
there is a tendency for electrons to be found in pairs. Each alkali metal has an unpaired electron and tends to get rid of the electron by forming a compound
how does magnesium look when it burns
it gives off intense white light and white smoke.
where does the name earth metals come from
the early chemists who thought anything that was insoluble in water and unchanged by heat was one of the earth metals.
why does the filament burn of lightbulb?
it burns because electrons of hot tungsten atoms are transferred to nearby oxygen atoms.
do noble gases have unpaired electrons
no, therefore noble gas atoms are highly not likely to be part of a chemical reaction.
is it possible for a noble gas to become a single atom again?
yes, the very large noble gas atoms can be made to react chemically. Even when they do react their compounds soon decompose, allows the noble gases to separate into single atoms again.
halogens are naturally found in what
in the form of compounds because they react with almost every element.
do halogens have unpaired electrons
yes, however, they have the tendency to gain an electron when they form compounds
who invented the periodic table
Dmitri Mendeleev
what did Mendeleev notice when he ordered the elements in increasing atomic mass
he found that the properties of teh elements repeated at definite or periodic, intervals.
what did Mendeleev note when he found missing spaces in the periodic table?
he inferred that the midding elements would have properties similar to those of another member of the family.
what is the atomic number
is the number of protons and element has in its nucleus.
atoms contain and an equal number of what
electrons and protons so it stays balanced.
what is the formula to get the number of neutrons
mass number-atomic number
what is teh formula to get the mass number
number of protons + number of neutrons
what form of iodine can be used to produce an image of the thyroid gland
the radioactive form
what two elements create salt
sodium and chlorine
