Unit 3 topic 1

Question 1

what does the process of digestion do?

Answer 1

breaks down the chemicals in the food into small, soluble molecules which then pass through the membranes into the blood vessels.

Question 2

what is in the blood that we need for our body

Answer 2

there are chemicals called nutrients that circulate through the body to the cells where they are used for energy, growth, bodybuilding and cell repair.

Question 3

What are the organic carbon-containing nutrients classified as?

Answer 3

Carbohydrates, protein, lipids, and vitamins

Question 4

what is the main source of organic compounds?

Answer 4

green plants and animals modify others

Question 5

what is iodine deficiency

Answer 5

it is where the thyroid gland gets swollen and usually occurs where sea products are not frequently eaten

Question 6

what is the role of carbohydrates? and where can you get these sources?

Answer 6

the energy source for metabolism 
Rice
grains
potatoes
and fruits

Question 7

what is the role of nutrition for proteins? and where can you get these sources?

Answer 7

structural molecule for body and helps chemical reactions 
in body
you can get this from:
- meat
- eggs
-dairy products
- legumes
- and nuts

Question 8

what is role of lipids in our body? and where can you get these sources?

Answer 8

Storage of unused chemical energy
you can get this from:
- vegetable oils
- nut oils
- some dairy products

Question 9

what sources are referred to as minerals?

Answer 9

inorganic substances that are not destroyed by cooking or exposure to air are referred to as minerals

Question 10

mineral requirments are distinguished by what?

Answer 10

the amount needed such as macro minerals or trace minerals

Question 11

what are macro minerals?

Answer 11

100mg/day or more

Question 12

what are trace minerals

Answer 12

less than 100mg/day

Question 13

macro minerals and trace minerals are essential components in what?

Answer 13

enzymes

Question 14

what are enzymes

Answer 14

are special protein molecules that regulate chemical reactions in living organisms

Question 15

what are vitamins

Answer 15

large organic molecules that help the enzymes function

Question 16

what is something the human body cannot make by itslef?

Answer 16

vitamins

Question 17

how many elements occur in all living organisms

Answer 17

16

Question 18

green plants require ____ different elements for proper growth and functioning. and humans at least-____

Answer 18

18;22

Question 19

what is the role of calcuim in our body?

Answer 19

crucial in nerve conduction, muscle contraction, blood clotting, and proper functioning of cell membranes, also forms bones and teeth

Question 20

what is the role of phosphorus in our body?

Answer 20

promotes proper bone formation, regulates metabolism, forms compounds that store and release energy.

Question 21

what is role of magnesium in our body?

Answer 21

component of bone and teeth essential to enzyme function helps regulate nerve activity

Question 22

what is the role of sodium in our body?

Answer 22

helps regulate nerve impulses in nerves and muscles

Question 23

what is the role of potassium in our body?

Answer 23

helps regulate neve signals and muscle activity involves in protein formation, required to regulate the acid/base balance.

Question 24

what is the role of sulfur in our body?

Answer 24

is the basis of all proteins

Question 25

what is the role of chlorine in our body?

Answer 25

helps regulate water balance and plays a role in proper cell membrane function, it is also the component of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.

Question 26

what is the role of iron in our body?

Answer 26

crucial part of red blood cells that regulate oxygen transport

Question 27

what is the role of zinc in our body?

Answer 27

essential component of enzymes regulating protein and the formation of metabolism .

Question 28

what is the role of iodine in our body?

Answer 28

major component of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism

Question 29

what is the role of selenium in our body?

Answer 29

it helps prevent decay of cell function

Question 30

what is the role of copper in our body?

Answer 30

helps regulate neve activity

Question 31

what is the role of manganese in our body?

Answer 31

involves in bone formation and protein metabolism

Question 32

what is the role of fluorine in our body?

Answer 32

helps regulate calcium deposition

Question 33

what is the role of chromium in our body?

Answer 33

activates B3 to control the use of blood sugar in energy production

Question 34

what is the role of molybenum in our body?

Answer 34

key component of three enzymes that regulate metabolism

Question 35

what is the role of cobalt in our body?

Answer 35

provides B12 which helps regulate red blood cells

Question 36

why are roots covered with tiny hairs called root hairs?

Answer 36

to increase the surface area for absorption

Question 37

where do the minerals go when they reach the soil?

Answer 37

they dissolve in the water and are taken up and concentrated into the root hairs

Question 38

in some cases what are root hairs able to do?

Answer 38

produce minerals concentrated up to 10 000 greater than the soil around them.

Question 39

what does nitrogen do to plants

Answer 39

helps stem and leaf production

Question 40

what does phosphorus do to plants

Answer 40

seed germination and root growth

Question 41

what does potassium do to plants

Answer 41

flower and fruit production

Question 42

are their disadvantages to the use and the overuse of nitrogen and and other fertilizers?

Answer 42

expensive

excess runoff into water systems