Unit 3 topic 6

Question 1

airborne pollutants include ?

Answer 1

• carbon, nitrogen, and suffer oxides
• soot from combustion of fossil fuels
• dust from wind erosion from agricultural practices
• heavy metals such as lead, nickel, copper from industrial processes
  these pollutants are eventually washed out of the atmosphere by rain and snow and then can fall in the ocean and travel around the world with ocean currents.

Question 2

what is ozone

Answer 2

found in the three layers of the atmosphere

the ozone is made up of 3 oxygen molecules

Question 3

stratospheric ozone is important to the earth because

Answer 3

protects us. because it sufficiently absorbs ultraviolet radiation which splits the ozone into a oxygen atom and Ito a oxygen molecule the free oxygen atom quickly combines with a near by oxygen molecule to reform ozone, it keeps doing this in a repeated process. Because of this repeated process uv is absorbed by ozone and less reaches earth

Question 4

because Ozone is a highly reactive molecule it reacts with…

Answer 4

nitrogen, hydrogen. bromine and chlorine compounds

Question 5

the chlorine increase has resulted from what…

Answer 5

chlorofluorocarbons or also known as CFCs released in large amounts due to human industrial activity

Question 6

Do CFCs break down?

Answer 6

unlike ozone CFCs do not break down easily, they are not water soluble like most chlorine containing compounds which may be washed out of the atmosphere by rain

Question 7

how are CFCs broken up in the upper stratosphere?

Answer 7

by Uv radiation the first step that destroys ozone layer the chlorine atoms are then free from the CFCs and then they can destroy ozone

Question 8

how does ozone depletion occur?

Answer 8

cause the CFCs and other compounds are causing addition ozone destruction by this the ozone layer starts thinning causing to excessive exposure to the sun.

Question 9

where do pollutants disperse?

Answer 9

above ground, water, (lakes rivers oceans) and our ground water

Question 10

what are two ways pollutants can disperse?

Answer 10

1. can be dumped directly into our surface water (point source)
   or be washed into our rivers and lakes From the soil and atmosphere (non point source) wastewater (sewage)
2. pollutants can enter our ground water. Ground water that filters down though soil and fills the spaces between particles of rock and soil, and through cracks in the underlying rocks.

Question 11

where do wastes go from home ?

Answer 11

wastes from bathrooms, kitchens, washing machines, watering lawns end up in our sewage or storm sewers. This water must be cleaned up before entering our lakes, rivers, and oceans

Question 12

what are some examples of what needs to be removed from our water before it gets but into the ocean or bodies of water?

Answer 12

• phosphates and nitrates from household and other cleansers must be removed
• Organic material and bacterial and viruses must be removed from sewage

Question 13

how is wastewater treated?

Answer 13

water treatments where they put chemicals and other particles. You can find water treatments at reservoirs

Question 14

what happens when water reaches an impermeable layer of rock

Answer 14

it forms an aquifer, wells tap into this water

Question 15

what percent of Canadians rely on ground water rather than city town treated water?

Answer 15

26%

Question 16

what about the pollutants in this water (wells)?

Answer 16

pollutants in aquifers are tough to clean up so we have to prevent the pollutants from getting there in the first place

Question 17

what happened when we use green products?

Answer 17

decreased the ground and surface water contamination

Question 18

what are biodegradable substances?

Answer 18

organic substances( natural or synthetic ) that can be broken down by bacteria and fungi into CO2 and H2O

Question 19

what do biodegradable substances need to decompose properly?

Answer 19

Water, oxygen, soil microorganisms, and heat often these conditions are not present in landfills, so biodegradable substance put there do not degrade.

Question 20

where do hazardous wastes get discarded?

Answer 20

some of these wastes are too toxic to be put in landfills so they are burned in incinerators such as corrosive, flammable topic material

Question 21

many hazardous products are what

Answer 21

solvents

Question 22

what are solvents

Answer 22

is any substance that van be used to dissolve another substance

Question 23

what is important to remember about organic solvents?

Answer 23

they are all hazardous almost all organic solvents are poisonous if swallowed or inhaled in a large amount, and will cause rashes after repeated exposure.

Question 24

what will high concentrations of most solvents cause?

Answer 24

dizziness, nausea, fatigue and loss of coordination and long term brain damage

Question 25

what is solid waste?

Answer 25

it is garbage from households, industry and construction sites.

Question 26

where do solid wastes go?

Answer 26

the material is dumped underground in landfills. Then plastic liners and clay are used in landfills to prevent chemicals from the waste from leaching into the soil and ground water below.

Question 27

what is a secure landfill used for?

Answer 27

is used to deposit waste products. Typically is a hole in the ground but may also be above ground

Question 28

if we put biodegradable substances int he landfill will they degrade?

Answer 28

they may not because of the process they went through in the industry.