notes for topic 1-3 unit 2 Flashcards
what are the two types of mixtures
Homogenous and heterogenous
what are another word for homogenous
solution
what is another word for heterogenous
mechanical mixtures
what are the different points of identifying a homogenous mixture
can’t see different particles
- Looks like it is only one kind of particle
- light passes through it
- usually clear
- to separate the particles you have to heat and evaporate the liquid.
- different substances evaporate at different temperatures
- usually coloured
what are different ways of identifying a heterogenous mixture
- can see more than one particle
- can be further classified by size of particle
1. suspension
2. colloid
3. emulsion
4. ordinary mechanical mixtures
what is an ordinary mechanical mixture
the mixture is very obvious. can really see the different particles mixed together ex. raisin bran, chocolate cookie,
what is a suspension
large particles that are mixed but settle if you leave them, ex ketchup, BBQ sauce, Flour, Charcoal
what is emulsion
liquid in liquid ex oil+ water
milk, mayo, salad dressing
what is a colloid
2 fine particles mixed together
- scatter light
ex. fog, aerosal, jello, clouds
what two categories can matter be broken into
pure substances
mixtures
what is an element and what is an example
a single element on the periodic table O= oxygen
Au= gold, Na= sodium
what is a compound and what is an example
more than one lament but all the particles are the same. ex. CO2= carbon dioxide
H20= water
Na Cl= salt
are atoms positive or negative
the answer is that they are neutral
how can we identify physical change
a. state change (solid- liquid-gas)
b. dissolving c. breaking
how can you identify a chemical reaction
- temperature change
- gas produced.
- color change
- precipitate forms with two liquids (a chunk of solid forms in a liquid)
how can physical properties be identified
qualitative= can be described as not measured 1. pH 2. Odor 3. state (solid, liquid, gas) 4. Colour Quantitative: 1. Boiling point 2. freezing point 3. melting point 4. density (how well it floats ) 5. solubility (how it dissolves) 6. viscosity (how runny it is )
what are chemical properties and how can they be identified
any property that described how a substance reacts with another substance when forming a new substance
- combustibility
- how it reacts with water
- how it reacts with the acid
- how it reacts with pure oxygen
is combustibility a chemical property
no, because it creates new substances
is helium able to burn
no, but hydrogen van burns explosively.
what is malleability
is a substances ability to deform under pressure
what is ductility
is the ability of a medal to be stretched out without becoming weak
what is the percent of hydrogen and oxygen combined together
11% hydrogen and 89% oxygen by mass
what are daltons atomic theory
- all matter is made up of small particles called atoms
- atoms cannot be created, destroyed, or divided into small particles
- all atoms of the same element are identical in mass and size. Atoms of one element are different in mass and size from the atoms of other elements.
compounds are created when atoms of different elements link together in definite proportions.
what is the light scattering properties of colloids called
Tyndall effect